Mykola Kornylovych Pymonenko was born 9 March 1862 in the village of on the outskirts of Kyiv. His father was a master
iconographer, of
Ukrainian descent. After working as his father's assistant, Pymonenko went on to study icon painting at the
Kyiv Pechersk Lavra. In 1876, Pymonenko's work was seen by
Mykola Murashko, one of the founders of the
Kyiv Art School, who was impressed by the young artist, and lobbied the school's financial backers to allow him to study there for free. Two years later, Pymonenko enrolled at the school, where he worked with the painters
Khariton Platonov, Murashko, and others. He studied there until 1882. After his examination work was sent to the
Imperial Academy of Fine Arts in
Saint Petersburg in 1881, he received a licence to teach drawing at lower secondary school level, and was able to audit classes at the Academy. He married the daughter of
Vladimir Orlovsky, one of his instructors. From 1882 to 1884 Pymonenko studied at the
St Petersburg Academy of Arts. That year, both his poor health (possibly caused by
tuberculosis) and a lack of funds caused him to return to Kyiv, where he found work as a drawing teacher at a private school. After the school closed in 1901, he moved to the
Kyiv Polytechnic Institute of Emperor Alexander II. From 1906 he taught at the Kyiv Art School,
Kazimir Malevich being one of his most notable students. In 1897, Pymonenko was involved in decorating Kyiv's
St Volodymyr's Cathedral and was awarded the
Order of Saint Anne for his work there. From 1893 he was a member of the
Peredvizhniki, and in 1899 he became a full member of the group, and was named an 'academician' in 1904. He won a gold medal at the
Salon in 1909 for his exhibited painting
Hopak, now in the
Louvre. In addition to the Louvre, Pymonenko's work was also of interest in Germany. In 1904, one of the Munich museums acquired the painting "Maundy Thursday". The National Art Museum has an author's copy of the smaller painting from the late 1900s. Pymonenko died in 1912 after a short illness. He was buried at the
Lukyanivka Cemetery. His 1913 posthumous exhibition at the Academy of Arts featured 184 paintings, 419 sketches and 112 pencil drawings. A street was named after him in 1959, and, in 1997 a museum devoted to him was opened in , a village he visited regularly each year. Several of his works have alternate versions, painted years apart. ==Reputation==