Jordaan

The most common theory on the origin of the name posits derivation from the French word jardin (meaning garden); indeed, most streets and canals in the Jordaan are named after trees and flowers. Another theory is that the Prinsengracht canal was once nicknamed after the Jordaan (which is the Dutch name for the river Jordan), and that the neighbourhood beyond the Prinsengracht was so analogized. ==Buildings==

The Jordaan has a high concentration of hofjes (inner courtyards), many of them with restored houses and peaceful gardens. These courtyards were built by rich people for elderly women, as a kind of charity. By the 1970s most of these courtyards were in very bad condition, like the rest of the neighbourhood. Since then many have been restored and are now inhabited mainly by artists, students and some elderly people. During the summer some of these yards are opened on Sundays during free concerts known as hofjesconcerten. Many houses in the Jordaan have a stone tablet on their facade, a stone sign displaying the profession or family sign of the inhabitants. For example, a butcher displayed a pig, and a tailor a pair of scissors, carved in stone above the entry. The first such stone tablets were made in the 16th century, when citizens were ordered to use these tablets instead of big wooden gables that obstructed the traffic in the narrow streets. == History ==

Construction of the Jordaan began in 1612, when it was called Het Nieuwe Werck (The New Work). The streets and canals were built according to the old ditches and paths, which explains its unusual orientation compared to the rest of the city. In the 19th century, six of the Jordaan's canals were filled in, including the Rozengracht. The neighbourhood was traditionally a leftwing stronghold, with a stormy history. Heavy riots broke out in 1835, 1886, 1917 and 1934. The February strike of 1941 started with meetings on Noordermarkt square. The Jordaan had a lively music scene in the 20th century. Several of the most popular musicians now have a statue in their memory at the corner of Prinsengracht and Elandsgracht. The singer Willy Alberti is commemorated with a memorial plaque on the Westerkerk church. The Jordaanfestival, celebrating the neighbourhood's music tradition, is held annually. Starting in the 1960s, many of the neighbourhood's original working-class residents moved out of the city to more affordable locations, mainly to Almere and Purmerend. ==Gallery==

File:Jordaan_amsterdam.jpg|The Jordaan seen from the Westerkerk File:Amsterdam_-_Egelantiersgracht_14.jpg|The Eerste Leliedwarsstraat with a view of the Westerkerk File:Amsterdam_-_Gietersstraat_8.jpg|The Gietersstraat File:WLM_-_Minke_Wagenaar_-_09-07-01_Karthuizerhof_001.jpg|Huiszitweduwenhof built in 1650, now social housing File:Amsterdam_175.JPG|Market in the Westerstraat File:Bloemgracht 87,89,91.jpg|Example of what the houses looked like in the 17th century. The three buildings Bloemgracht 87, 89 and 91 have been restored to their original state. ==External links==