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The Cider House Rules

The Cider House Rules is a 1999 American drama film directed by Lasse Hallström from a screenplay by John Irving, based on Irving's 1985 novel. Its story follows Homer Wells, who lives in a World War II–era Maine orphanage run by a doctor who trains him to be an OB/GYN, and his journey after leaving the orphanage. The film stars Tobey Maguire, Charlize Theron, Delroy Lindo, Paul Rudd, Michael Caine, Jane Alexander, Kathy Baker, Kieran Culkin, Heavy D, Kate Nelligan, and Erykah Badu.

Plot
Homer Wells grows up at St. Cloud's, a Maine orphanage directed by avuncular Dr. Wilbur Larch. Homer is returned to St. Cloud's twice by foster parents. The first family felt Homer was too quiet (due to orphanage babies soon learning that crying is pointless). The second beat him. Dr. Larch is addicted to ether, and he secretly performs abortions. Conditions at the orphanage are spartan, but the children have love and respect, and they are like an extended family. Older children, such as Buster, look out for the younger children, and in particular care for those who are sickly, including Fuzzy Stone, who was born prematurely to an alcoholic mother. Fuzzy suffers from respiratory disease and thus spends most of his time beneath a plastic tent ventilated with a breathing apparatus. Each night before sleeping, Dr. Larch says to the children "Good night, you Princes of Maine! You Kings of New England!" as both an encouragement and a kind of blessing. Homer, the oldest of the orphans, is very intelligent, helpful, and even tempered, so Larch trains him in obstetrics and abortions as an apprentice despite Homer's never having attended high school. Homer disapproves of abortions, and although Larch has trained him, Homer refuses to perform them. After several years, Homer is very skillful and confident in performing obstetrical duties. Larch wants Homer to take over after Larch retires, but Homer feels it is impossible, as he lacks formal medical education and he wants to see the outside world beyond the orphanage. Dr. Larch performs an abortion on Candy Kendall, accompanied by her boyfriend, Wally Worthington, an Air Force pilot on leave from service. Wally's mother, Olive, owns the Worthington family apple orchard estate where Homer lives as a worker of the estate's Cider bunkhouse. While Wally returns to his World War II service, Homer is exempt thereof, diagnosed by Dr. Larch as a heart condition patient. While Wally is away, Candy starts flirting with Homer, leading to an affair. Homer picks apples with Arthur Rose's team of migrant workers, employed seasonally at the orchard. A list of rules for its occupants is posted in the Cider House, which its illiterate migrant workers cannot read. Homer reads them the list, so the workers can now follow or ignore as they wish. Homer and Candy become much closer during harvest and spend more time together while Wally is fighting in Burma. Meanwhile, at St. Cloud's, Fuzzy Stone succumbs to his illness and dies. Dr. Larch and the staff conceal his death from the other orphans, telling them that Fuzzy was adopted. After Arthur and his team return to the orchard the following season, Homer discovers that Rose is pregnant to her father Arthur. When Homer learns it, he decides to abort Rose's pregnancy with Arthur's assistance. A few days later, Rose tries to run away. When Arthur tries to say goodbye to her, she stabs him and flees. He then makes the injury worse, and as a last request, asks Homer and another worker to tell the police his death was a suicide. Wally returns from Burma a paraplegic. Although Candy loves Homer, she decides to take care of Wally. Immediately after this, Homer learns Dr. Larch has died from an accidental overdose of ether. Homer decides he is most needed back at the orphanage. When he returns, he is greeted joyously by both the children and staff. He learns that not only did Larch fake Homer's medical record to keep him out of the war, but he also faked college credentials and used reverse psychology to persuade the orphanage board to appoint Homer as the next director. Homer fills the paternal role that Larch previously held for the children of the orphanage, telling them, "Good night, you Princes of Maine! You Kings of New England!" ==Cast==
Production
An adaptation of The Cider House Rules by John Irving was first announced in May 1991 to be produced by Beacon Pictures and directed by Phillip Borsos and star Matthew Broderick. In January 1997, it was announced FimColony had acquired the rights to the novel and was in the process of adapting it. In February 1997, the film was reported moving forward at Miramax Films with director Michael Winterbottom and Ethan Hawke in talks to star. Later that month, it was reported Billy Crudup was in talks to star. By April 1998, Winterbottom had left the project and Miramax Films had signed Lasse Hallström as director. The following month, Leonardo DiCaprio had reportedly been considered to star in the film. By August of that year, Tobey Maguire had been signed on as the film's star. ==Music==
Music
The film soundtrack consists of the original score composed by Rachel Portman. The album was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score (lost to the score of Le violon rouge) and the Grammy Award for "Best Score Soundtrack Album" (lost to the score of American Beauty). ==Reception==
Reception
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a 71% approval rating, based on 112 reviews with an average rating of 6.6/10. The website's critical consensus reads "The Cider House Rules derives affecting drama from wonderful performances, lovely visuals, and an old-fashioned feel." Leonard Maltin awarded the film a rare four-star rating. By contrast, Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times awarded it just two stars, stating the film "is often absorbing or enchanting in its parts. Michael Caine's performance is one of his best, and Charlize Theron is sweet and direct as the girl...The story touches many themes, lingers with some of them, moves on and arrives at nowhere in particular." Certificate In the United States, the film was given a PG-13 certificate by the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA), and in the United Kingdom, it was given a 12 certificate by the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC), which meant that anyone aged 12 or over could see it. However, in Ireland, the film was given the strictest possible rating, 18. According to Ireland's Film Censor, Sheamus Smith, this was because of its themes of abortion, incest, and drugs. At the time, Ireland had a constitutional ban on abortion, which would not be lifted until after a referendum in 2018. Awards and nominations Notes ==See also==
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