Following a
referendum on the
Belfast Agreement on 23 May 1998 and the granting of
royal assent to the
Northern Ireland Act 1998 on 19 November 1998, a
Northern Ireland Assembly and
Northern Ireland Executive were established by the
United Kingdom Government under Prime Minister
Tony Blair. The process was known as
devolution and was set up to return devolved legislative powers to Northern Ireland. DCAL was one of five new devolved Northern Ireland departments created in December 1999 by the
Northern Ireland Act 1998 and the
Departments (Northern Ireland) Order 1999. A devolved minister first took office on 2 December 1999. Devolution was suspended for four periods, during which the department came under the responsibility of
direct rule ministers from the
Northern Ireland Office: • between 12 February 2000 and 30 May 2000; • on 11 August 2001; • on 22 September 2001; • between 15 October 2002 and 8 May 2007. Under the
St Andrews Agreement (signed 13 October 2006), the Executive is obliged to adopt strategies on enhancing and protecting the development of the
Irish language and enhancing and developing
Ulster Scots language, heritage and culture. The agreement also committed the
United Kingdom Government to introducing "an Irish Language Act reflecting on the experience of Wales and Ireland".
Welsh and Irish are official languages in those respective countries. Language policy was devolved, alongside the department's other responsibilities, on 8 May 2007. As of March 2012, neither an Irish language strategy or act, nor an Ulster Scots strategy, had been adopted. The department stated that a
Strategy for Indigenous or Regional Minority Languages would "be presented to the Executive in due course". == Ministers of Culture, Arts and Leisure ==