In 1954, English composer
Alan Rawsthorne set six of the poems in a work for speaker and orchestra entitled
Practical Cats, which was recorded soon afterwards, with the actor
Robert Donat as the speaker. At about the same time another English composer,
Humphrey Searle, composed another narrated piece based on the poems, using flute, piccolo, cello and guitar. This work,
Two Practical Cats, consists of settings of the poems about Macavity and Growltiger. The best-known musical adaptation of the poems is
Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical
Cats, which was premiered in the West End of London in 1981 and on Broadway in 1982. It became the
longest-running Broadway show in history until it was overtaken by another musical by Lloyd Webber,
The Phantom of the Opera. As well as the characters found in the book,
Cats introduces several additional characters from Eliot's unpublished drafts, most notably
Grizabella. The musical was adapted into a
direct-to-video film in 1998. A
feature film adaptation of Cats was released on 20 December 2019. As of December, 2019, the feature film's production cost was $100 million but only grossed $38.3 million globally, yielding an approximate $70 million loss. ==Cultural references==