Open collaboration

Riehle et al. define open collaboration as collaboration based on three principles of egalitarianism, meritocracy, and self-organization. Levine and Piretula define open collaboration as "any system of innovation or production that relies on goal-oriented yet loosely coordinated participants who interact to create a product (or service) of economic value, which they make available to contributors and noncontributors alike." This definition captures multiple instances, all joined by similar principles. For example, all of the elements — goods of economic value, open access to contribute and consume, interaction and exchange, purposeful yet loosely coordinated work — are present in an open source software project, in Wikipedia, or in a user forum or community. They can also be present in a commercial website that is based on user-generated content. In all of these instances of open collaboration, anyone can contribute and anyone can freely partake in the fruits of sharing, which are produced by interacting participants who are loosely coordinated. == Academia ==

An annual conference dedicated to the research and practice of open collaboration is the International Symposium on Open Collaboration (OpenSym, formerly WikiSym). As per its website, the group defines open collaboration as "collaboration that is egalitarian (everyone can join, no principled or artificial barriers to participation exist), meritocratic (decisions and status are merit-based rather than imposed) and self-organizing (processes adapt to people rather than people adapt to pre-defined processes)." Since 2011, a peer-reviewed academic journal, The Journal of Peer Production (JoPP), is dedicated to documenting and researching peer production processes. This academic community understands peer production "as a mode of commons-based and oriented production in which participation is voluntary and predicated on the self-selection of tasks. Notable examples are the collaborative development of Free Software projects and of the Wikipedia online encyclopedia." == Examples of open collaboration projects ==

=== Wikimedia projects === • Wikibooks • Wikidata • Wikimedia Commons • Wikinews • Wikipedia • Wikiquote • Wikisource • Wikispecies • Wiktionary • Wikivoyage Knowledge wikis • Citizendium • Everipedia • FamilySearch Research Wiki • Fandom • LocalWiki • Scholarpedia • WikiTree Hardware • Open Source Ecology • RepRap project • WikiHouse Microcontroller boards • Arduino • Netduino • NodeMCU • Parallax Propeller Single-board computers • Color Maximite • Novena • Parallella Processors • Amber (processor core) • J Core • LEON • OpenPOWER • OpenRISC • OpenSPARC • RISC-V • ZPU (microprocessor) Collaborative mapping • OpenHistoricalMap • OpenStreetMap Music and audio projects • Discogs • MusicBrainz • Mutopia Project • SecondHandSongs • The Freesound Project Books and text projects • Distributed Proofreaders • LibriVox • Open Library Open data projects • OneGeology • Open Food Facts • Terms of Service; Didn't Read Experimental collaboration • Kialo • r/place Citizen science • COVID Moonshot • eBird • Foldit • Galaxy Zoo • iNaturalist ====Zooniverse projects==== • Active Asteroids • Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 • Disk Detective • Galaxy Zoo • Gems of the Galaxy Zoos • Planet Hunters • Radio Galaxy Zoo • The Daily Minor Planet ==See also==