Varga Katalin Secondary School

On 4 July 1930, the Hungarian Ministry of Religion and Public Education decided to found the Royal Hungarian School for Girls of Szolnok; on 7 July the establishment of the school was authorized by Minister of Culture Count Kunó von Klebelsberg. The first headmaster of the school was Géza Wollek, who was also headmaster of Szolnok's Verseghy Ferenc Grammar School at the time; the school's first teacher was Dr. Ilona Vatter. The school was the second school for higher education of girls in Jasz-Nagykun-Szolnok County. The school's foundation had been urged by the city's main doctor, Dr. István Elek, in the name of women's rights. He helped additionally with the donation of 250 pengős. The educational institution form lyceum was chosen instead of gymnasium because the founders thought that the Latin language was unnecessary and difficult for the girls. Teaching began 1 September 1930, in the building which today houses Szolnok's Belvárosi Primary School, thanks to the assistance of Headmistress Elvira Ellmann. The present school building was first used in 1932, the same year in which the school was moved from the Outer Budapest school district to the Debrecen school district. On 1 February 1935, Dr. György Kurucz became headmaster of the school, effectively establishing its autonomy. By popular request, Latin was again taught, which elevated the school to the status of gymnasium (grammar school), however, the subject of how the girls' education should proceed remained a topic for the local media for years. Instruction in Latin continued to be offered until 2008. In 1936 the school was named for Katalin Bánffy (Hung: Bánffy Katalin) with the official name Royal Hungarian Bánffy Katalin Grammar School for Girls. During the Second World War the school building was damaged, but classes were held in Verseghy Ferenc Grammar School. In 1951 the school was renamed, this time after Transylvanian noblewoman Katalin Varga, with the name Varga Katalin General Grammar School for Girls. The original name was retained, however, in the name of the school's endowment (Bánffy Katalin – Varga Katalin Endowment). In 1957 Szolnok's first Young Communist League was founded here. Due to a growing student body, first two classes and later four were required to attend classes in the afternoon; in 1962 a number of teachers and students were split from Varga and founded Szolnok's Tiszaparti Secondary School. The research was focused on the concept of lifelong learning, which is one of the key educational principles of the European Union. At the same time, between 1971 and 1981, Varga was also used as a testing ground for the early Matura exams. Subjects such as orientation, family studies and others were taught experimentally. One of the more successful projects was the so-called studium generale subject, which included library studies, learning methodology, psychology (self-awareness, creativity), logic, rhetoric, and debate. During the 1970s Varga upheld its outstanding literary traditions by hosting a number of great Hungarian writers, poets, and critics: József Darvas, Mihály Czine, Sándor Koczkás, Imre Bata, István Simon, László Nagy, Anna Jókai, Sándor Csoóri, Ferenc Sánta, Katalin Berek, Adrienne Jancsó, Lajos Cs. Németh, Ferenc Kállai, János Kass, Gyula László and Júlia Marosi. In 1988 the Hungarian-English Bilingual Education program was introduced (as a four-year course of study, as opposed to five-year programs in other Hungarian schools), and in 2000 the Arany János Program for Talented Youth was initiated by the Hungarian Ministry of Education. Building The neoclassical building which now houses the Varga was originally constructed in 1856. The L-shaped three-storied building was situated on a corner, enclosing the area inside it; it had a basement, pitched roof, and glass-covered arches facing the inner courtyard. Since then, an attic was also added, and the "new wing" was added, changing the building from L-shaped to the shape of a lop-sided U. The building is slightly raised from street level. The windows on the ground floor are arched, on the upper floors straight capped with lintels. The ceilings in the ground floor are vaulted; in the upper floors flat. The stairwell inside the "old wing" contains a cast iron handrail. When the school took possession of the building, the stairwell was enlarged, but under careful supervision in respect to the building's status as a protected historical monument. This new wing replaced what had formerly been a chemist's and a block of flats. Library The school's library stood at 2221 volumes in 1944, all of which were destroyed during World War II. After the war, the library again increased by the donations of the students; by 1959 2278 volumes had been collected. The library became fully functioning when the structure of faculty came into use in 1972. Since then a Reading Room was also added, and in 1980 the number of volumes stood at 12,197. Nowadays library studies are taught in the school and a Library Club operates in the school. Headmasters The school's headmasters and headmistresses: ==Courses of study==

Earlier The school has always offered instruction at a grammar school level, but the precise courses of study have varied. When the grades were first divided, one class followed a science-based curriculum, the other a humanities-based curriculum. In 1957 when a third class was added it was also science-focused. In 1959 a fourth technical course of study was added. A German-Russian language curriculum was introduced in 1966. In preparation for the first year of the program, all students are required to live in the student hostel. At least once a month the entire class remains together for a weekend program, frequently traveling to various places within Hungary. Class trips are taken in the second year of study to Transylvania, and in the fourth year to England where the students participate in a week-long EFL course. The program also assists the students in obtaining an ECDL, drivers' license, and middle level English exam. Math-English program In the ninth and tenth grades both English and Math are taught at an advanced level; in the 11th grade the students decide for themselves individually in which direction they would like to continue their advanced studies. One possibility would be a course focused on financial education under the direction of the Hungarian National Bank. Hungarian-English Bilingual program The program, which began in 1988, celebrated its 20th anniversary during the 2008–2009 school year. The aim of this class the acquisition of English at a very high level, and to this end math, physics, biology, and history are taught in English. Unlike many bilingual secondary schools in Hungary, in Varga there is no preparatory year - the students apply as eighth graders, including an oral English exam, and are accepted for the following year based on their own knowledge. During tenth grade, participants in the bilingual course spend two weeks in England doing an intensive EFL course. In addition to the English language at an advanced level, the students in the bilingual program are also much more exposed to English culture, both directly via a British and American Civilization (and civilization of English-speaking countries in general) class in 11th and 12th grades, and indirectly via ongoing classes with native-speaker teachers. At the end of the four-year course the students take their Matura school-leaving exams in Advanced English, which corresponds with a Hungarian state-level exam of the highest level. They must also take exams in English in two other subjects of their choice. General knowledge / module program Beginning with the new D class of September 2008, the Math-German program was replaced with the 4-module General Knowledge Program. The optional modules are as follows: • technological module (focusing on math and physics) • science module (biology and chemistry) • artistic and practical communication (humanities) • international knowledge Each student in the D class chooses one of the above modules to study for a semester; at the end of each semester they must decide to continue with that module or to select a new one. After four semesters, at the end of the tenth grade, the students decide in which direction to focus their studies toward the advanced-level Matura school-leaving exam. As part of the communications module the students will visit local TV and radio stations, newspaper offices, and the Youth House. ==Achievements==

• Students of Varga regularly achieve high results in a number of national competitions, notably the OKTV. • In a 2004 study by Hungary's Educational Research and Development Institute, Varga was ranked ninth in the country according to average entrance exams results, 15th in the country in general, and first in both categories within Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County. • In 1998 the school received the "For Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Award." • The school participates annually in Szolnok's 24-hour Competition (a competition between the high schools of the city); in 2007 the school achieved second place and in 2008 first place. • Varga was awarded the "Pro Universitate" plaque by the Faculty of Science at Kossuth Lajos University (today University of Debrecen); they in turn were given Varga's "Pro Schola" plaque. ==Partner schools==

Domestic connections Varga is connected with both University of Szeged and Semmelweis University in Budapest. It is also a reference school for the National Textbook Publications (Hung: Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó). Under the direction of the Program for Quality Management Varga has also been partnered with the following companies and institutions: Office for Arany János Program, the primary schools of Szolnok which act as feeder schools for Varga, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County's European Information Point (Europe Direct), British Council, Association of Schools for Self-Development (Önfejlesztő Iskolák Egyesülete), Bilingual Schools Association (Két Tanítási Nyelvű Iskolák Egyesülete), County Pedagogical Institute (Megyei Pedagógiai Intézet), Center for Human Services (Humán Szolgáltató Központ), Educational Consulting Office of Szolnok (Városi Nevelési Tanácsadó), Contact, SI-CO Ltd., Tisza Park Ltd. International connections since 1997 List of schools with which Varga has had continuing exchanges: Exchange programs can be made by a class or by a separate group of students. In the latter case, preference is given to students whose interests are best suited for the exchange, but the program is still open for all applicants. Varga also has a connection with the European Parliament in Strasbourg via the Euroscola program. Exchanges are also facilitated through various sister cities of Szolnok, for example Yuza in Japan. Participating in an international program organised by three counties in Europe Varga also got connections in Somme, France and Durham, England. ==Student life==

Another attractive feature of Varga is its rich and varied student life. From the 1930s until the 1960s there was a mandatory school uniform. This consisted of "dark blue sailor suit with white collar and cuffs, white blouse with blue collar and cuffs, as regulated. Uniform cap, blue for winter and white for summer, and white cotton gloves." Later added to this were "white blue-striped smock for everyday use, and a dark blue coat for winter," a spring jacket, and clothing and shoes suitable for exercising in. Sports Day At the end of every school year the P.E. department organizes a Sports Day. As well as taking part in various sports competitions, the classes also compete in a cook-off. This event takes place either at Millér Park or at the sports facilities of the Szolnok Helicopter Base. Student Symposium Varga regularly organizes symposium days, in which numerous Hungarian and international secondary schools have participated. Some examples are the annual English Language Cultural Symposium and the Natural Sciences Symposium. Student Clubs Almost every subject in Varga Katalin Secondary School has its own related club. To name a few, there is a self-development club, a film club, and an arts club. Students' work can be seen and read in the "Vargánya" school literary magazine (whose editor, teacher István P. Nagy, also was co-editor of Hungarian literary publications "Eső" and "Torkolat"). There was also a library club, which acted as a four-year course preparing its members to take an exam in Librarian Studies. From the 1950s study rooms have been offered, which both provide the students a chance for extra studies with their teachers in the afternoon, as well as a supervised location. In 1980, as part of the Jubilee celebrations, the Former Students Friend Circle (Öreg Diákok Baráti Köre) was created. (Although both groups were Catholic, the institution has always provided Calvinist, Lutheran, and Jewish religious education as well.) The aim of the groups, and of their successors, the Saint Elisabeth Guards of the Sacred Heart and the Congregation of Blessed Margaret (a Szent Erzsébet szívgárda és a Boldog Margit kongregáció), was to both provide religious education, as well as having members regularly offer support, offerings, and acts of good will. The older students were usually members of the Congregation, while younger students were in the Guard. They met fortnightly. At its peak the organizations together contained more than 150 members. Sports On 7 October 1933 the school's Sports Club was initiated with a school-wide competition which has been repeated annually ever since. The original club included gymnastics, athletics, rhythmic dance, swimming, and other games. The club gave dance performances year after year in the Szigligeti Theater. In February 1935 they performed a show called "Student Dream" (Diákálom) about a student's first day at the girls' school. The club began functioning even before the gym had been built, and later the basketball court and the winter ice-skating rink. Girl Scouts In October 1935 a Girl Scout troop was formed in the school, Three members of the club also received the Kazinczy Commemorative Medal: Soma Zámbori, Margit Szarbari, and László Bogár; the latter two also received it as university students. The poetry reading traditions reach back to the original Poetry and Reading Club begun in 1935. which have been held in Kecskemét, Debrecen, Budapest, Gyomaendrőd and Solymár. In 1999 the club, along with other international drama groups, was invited to Durham for the performance of the UNICEF-created children's rights musical "Thursday's Child". In 2002 and subsequent two years through the Arany János Program for Talented Youth the club took place in the National Drama Camp. Also in 2002 they were invited to Växjö. From 2005 they have regularly been invited to perform at Gould Academy in Bethel, Maine USA. Past performances by year: • 1998 – Hair • 1999 – Grease • 1999 – István Örkény's short stories • 1999 – Thursday's Child • 2000 – Gábor Czakó: Disznójáték • 2001 – Angels’ Court • 2001 – Károly Szakonyi: Black-out • 2002 – Melchior Lengyel: Shadow • 2002 – Petőfi Sándor: A helység kalapácsa • 2003 – Mihály Csokonai Vitéz: Dorottya • 2003 – Jerry Bock: Fiddler on the Roof • 2003 – Murray Schisgal: The Typists • 2004 – Ede Szigligeti: Liliomfi • 2004 – Övön alul • 2004 – Harold Pinter: The Birthday Party • 2005 – Sławomir Mrożek: Tango • 2005 – Cats • 2006 – Monty Python: Eric, the Viking • 2007 – Canterbury tales • 2009 – Sławomir Mrożek: Widows The club has performed several plays for years and made several revivals. Choirs In the 11th class, students can choose which art subject to participate in (practice singing, art practice, art history, descriptive geometry). Those who choose singing automatically become members of the singing club, but others are also welcome to join. The school also has a men's choir. The choir and the other singing groups perform on a regular basis, among which the Christmas concert is especially prominent. The concert takes place annually in one of the churches of Szolnok. In addition the group has also traveled abroad; about an exchange with Finland one choir member said, "the two schools exchanged not only experiences, but sounds/voices as well."” Model European Parliament The school has taken part - representing the country of Netherlands - in the program since its beginning in Hungary in 2003. The corresponding student club was set up as a place to prepare for the meetings, most importantly by discussion and debate about current political events. In 2004 the school hosted the second National Session, in 2009 the school received students from many member countries of the European Union. ==Endowments==

First endowments and the Szolnok Society of Friends of the Lyceum The school's first endowment was the 250 pengő offered by Dr. István Elek, the interest of which was always awarded to a student with outstanding performance. which helped the school financially, assisted the renovation of the school building, and oversaw alumni functions. The Bánffy Katalin – Varga Katalin Endowment This endowment aims to help students' educational progress by supporting and giving funds for language exams, language camps, admission exams preparation, in-field practice, textbooks, debate competitions, and travel abroad. In addition the endowment also provides funds for teachers' professional training. The Vargánya Student Endowment Its primary goal is the encouragement of student life and activities which are not covered by the Bánffy–Varga endowment. It also organizes programs and outings for students, supports student council, and student sports. It also supports the school's ongoing Child- and Youth-Protection programs and provided assistance for socially vulnerable and disadvantaged children. The endowment also finances the publication of the student newspaper, Vargánya, anthologies, and year books. ==The "Pro Schola" award==

The "Pro Schola" award is given annually to those who spiritually, materialistically, or through physical labor improve the school. The award is a plaque, designed by sculptor and teacher István Nagy, which contains the name of the award in Hungarian: A Varga Katalin Gimnáziumért. It also contains the years of the foundation of the school, 1930, and the foundation of the award, 1980, as well as the name of Szolnok. There are also two pictures on the plaque: relay racers on the left and students sitting around a table on the right. • Mrs. Dr. László Bartha (headmistress) • Dr. Ottó Welker (Ministry head adviser) • Ferenc Csányi (Parent Teacher Association president • Men's chamber choir • Mária Büttner Mrs. Molnár (teacher) • Ágnes Magyar Mrs. Oláh (school secretary) • Irén Antal Mrs. Pintér (school secretary) • Máté Bányi (student) ==Enrollment statistics==

The school began with only 38 students, but by 1938 (the year by which all 8 grades began operating) this had increased to almost three hundred. Until the Second World War the number of students remained between two and three hundred; after it dropped to less than two hundred in most years. From 1945 when four-year education began, the students were divided into multiple classes. At first there were two classes, which in 1957 expanded to three, and in 1959 to four, at which time classes were also being held in afternoon sessions. From this time enrollment expanded steadily; in 1962 it reached 491 students, but in this year the Tiszaparti Secondary School was split out of Varga, so the number was reduced to 240. From this point the number of students again rose steadily and in the 2000s has consistently been above 500 students. ==Picture gallery==

Image:Varga_Katalin_Secondary_School_3.jpg|Front entrance and memorial plaque Image:Varga_Katalin_Secondary_School_5.jpg|Downstairs hallway in the old wing Image:Varga_Katalin_Secondary_School_6.jpg|Stairwell of the new wing Image:Varga_Katalin_Secondary_School_8.jpg|School courtyard ==Sources==