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Palace of Laeken

The Palace of Laeken or Castle of Laeken is the official residence of the King and Queen of the Belgians and the Belgian royal family. It lies in the Brussels-Capital Region, 5 km (3 mi) north of the city centre, in Laeken, and sits in a large private park called the Royal Domain of Laeken.

History
Origins (–1830) The palace was built between 1782 and 1784 in Laeken, then a rural village outside Brussels, after the plans of the French architect and urbanist Charles de Wailly, under supervision of the Belgian-Austrian architect Louis Montoyer. It was originally named the Palace of Schonenberg (, ) and was to serve as a summer residence for the Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands, Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen and her husband Albert Casimir, Duke of Teschen. They were also originally designed by Balat, with the cooperation of the young Victor Horta. The Palace of Laeken has been the royal residence since Leopold I's accession to the throne in 1831. However, upon their accession to the throne in 1993, King Albert II and Queen Paola preferred to remain living in the Belvédère Château on the grounds of the park surrounding the palace. The current occupants of the palace are King Philippe, Queen Mathilde and their four children. File:Château royal de Laeken en 1880.jpg|The Palace of Laeken in 1880, etching from ''L'Illustration nationale'' File:Incendie du château royal de Laeken le 1 janvier 1890.jpg|The Palace of Laeken on fire, 1 January 1890 File:Laeken after the fire.jpg|Aftermath of the fire File:Château royal de Laeken J1.jpg|The wing built by King Leopold II ==Royal Domain==
Royal Domain
The Royal Domain of Laeken is extensive, about , or slightly smaller than Monaco. The gardens are surrounded by walls and iron gates, and are closed to the public, although there have been calls for the king to open at least a portion of the park for public use amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium. The gardens of the Royal Domain are landscaped in English style; the vast park includes lakes, a golf course and artworks. King Leopold II was very closely connected with the designs of his private gardens. It is in these gardens that his only son, Prince Leopold, Duke of Brabant, fell in a pond, and died subsequently from pneumonia, aged only nine. The king had trees planted for his new-born children, which still stand in the park. There are various pavilions, including the Chinese Pavilion and the Japanese Tower. They were commissioned by Leopold II and now form part of the Museums of the Far East. The rooms of the Chinese Pavilion are designed in chinoiserie Louis XIV and Louis XVI styles. They are decorated with Chinese motifs, chinaware and silverware. The Japanese Tower is a pagoda (known as a ), inspired by a construction Leopold II saw at the Paris Exposition of 1900. Leopold II commissioned his architect Alexandre Marcel to build him a similar one in Laeken. In the gardens live several colonies of Canada geese, hundreds of great cormorants and other large birds. The gardens are also home to one of the biggest colonies of grey herons in the country. File:Castle of Laeken.JPG|Main façade of the Palace of Laeken File:0 Château Royal de Laeken - Jardins 2.JPG|The gardens of the Royal Domain and the Japanese Tower File:Lawn - Royal Castle of Laeken - Brussels, Belgium - DSC07103.jpg|Great Lawn of the Royal Domain ==Royal Greenhouses==
Royal Greenhouses
The Royal Greenhouses of Laeken are located within the Royal Domain and are attached to the palace via the orangery. They were commissioned by King Leopold II, originally designed by Alphonse Balat, and built between 1874 and 1905. Following Balat's death in 1895, Leopold called upon the architects Henri Maquet and Charles Girault. The total floor area of this immense complex is . The main greenhouses, such as the Congo Greenhouse and the so-called Iron Church, a domed greenhouse, which would originally serve as the royal chapel, are all linked by flowered corridors spanning hundreds of metres. The complex is home to the famous Royal Botanic Collection, which includes large collections of camellias, orange trees and many plants originating from the African parts of the former Belgian Empire. Many sculptures and Chinese vases can also be found within the greenhouses. File:Laeken Se1JPG.jpg|Royal Greenhouses of Laeken File:Royal Greenhouse of Laken.jpg|Orangery File:Laeken Se1a.jpg|Under the dome of the Winter Garden File:Laeken Se1lJPG.jpg|Interior of the Embarcadère Greenhouse ==Modern-day function==
Modern-day function
hosts official guests at the Palace of Laeken, 2017 The Palace of Laeken is mainly a residential palace and has a more sober and intimate character than the Royal Palace of Brussels. Since 1999, it has been the residence of King Philippe and Queen Mathilde with their family. The Royal Greenhouses of Laeken are open to the public for three weeks each year during the flowering period, in April–May. The palace is known for its stables, the Chinese pavilion and the Japanese Tower. The painting studio of Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Belgium, can also be admired. At the request of Queen Paola, the play pavilion in which the children of King Leopold III grew up has been restored, so that Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant could play there with her siblings and cousins. ==Influence==
Influence
Mobutu Sese Seko, the dictator of Zaire (the modern-day Democratic Republic of the Congo), built a palace in his hometown of Gbadolite modelled upon the Royal Palace of Laeken. ==See also==
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