Papers of Martin Van Buren

Like many of his contemporaries, Martin Van Buren understood the importance of his political papers and viewed them as historical records. He took care to preserve a large amount of his own private correspondence as well as other documents he believed would document his career. He was especially careful to preserve the letters between himself and Andrew Jackson, and during his lifetime, he recovered as much of their correspondence as he could with the aim of publication. These letters then passed to his sons, who preserved the collection intact. Van Buren did not view his mundane or social letters with equal importance and as such, he destroyed many of these letters. His surviving letters show that Van Buren kept up a steady correspondence with several women; however, hardly any of their responses still exist. Van Buren was also careful to destroy confidential letters at the request of their authors. Because of this, the majority of the collection is limited to his political career. == History of the project ==

The Papers of Martin Van Buren project was officially launched at Pennsylvania State University (PSU) in 1969, headed by Dr. Walter L. Ferree. Previously, Van Buren's papers were scattered among several different repositories, including the Library of Congress, and many were held in private hands. Dr. Ferree's team worked to gather these documents into a single, comprehensive collection. A total of 260 repositories eventually contributed to the approximately 13,000 documents published in the microfilm edition. The original goal of the Penn State project was to release a letterpress edition, which would be published in two series, totaling fifteen to twenty volumes. The team worked for three years, transcribing handwritten documents and beginning the editing process, before deciding in 1972 to shelve the publication and instead focus on producing a microfilm edition. At the time, the benefits of a microfilm edition made it appear as the only viable route: the publication cost would be far lower; the collection would be available in a period of four or five years rather than the twenty it would take to release a letterpress edition; and the technology of the time was headed in a direction that anticipated microfilm as the best way to access resource material. He worked on the project part time until a full-time documentary editor was finally appointed to the project. Lucy Fisher West of Bryn Mawr College took this full-time position in 1986, and the project was completed in 1987. The microfilm edition was published by Chadwyck-Healey, Inc., and it included a comprehensive index compiled by West. The Papers of Martin Van Buren project was revived in 2014 when Mark Cheathem and James Bradley embarked on a mission to digitize the Papers of Martin Van Buren at Cumberland University in Lebanon, Tennessee. The project was officially launched in February 2016 and has partnered since that time with the University of Virginia's Center for Digital Editing. == Editors/project directors ==

Sources: • Roy Franklin Nichols • Donald B. Cole • Philip S. Klein • Charles M. Wiltse • David Herbert Donald • Frank O. Gatell • Holman Hamilton • Leo Hershkowitz • Chris W. Kentera • Edward Pessen • Robert V. Remini • Donald M. Roper • Sam B. Smith • T. Rowland Slingluff, Jr. • Charles Grier Sellers Staff (Cumberland University) Source: • Andrew Wiley, editor (2018–present) • Max Matherne, associate editor (2021–present) • Aaron S. Crawford, associate editor (2023-24) • Katie Hatton, assistant editor (2019–21) • David Gregory, assistant editor (2018) • Charles Ware, graduate assistant (2020) • Ally Johnson, graduate assistant (2018–20) • Daniel Barr, graduate assistant (2018) • David Gregory, graduate assistant (2017–18) • Josh Williams, graduate assistant (2016–17) Staff (Center for Digital Editing) Source: • Erica Cavanaugh, Center for Digital Editing project developer (2016–present) • Katie Blizzard, Center for Digital Editing research editor and communications specialist (2017–present) Current PMVB advisory board Source: == Editing process ==

A Martin Van Buren document is defined as “one written in his hand, at his instruction, and/or with his signature; a printed speech or public remarks verifiable as his own; and correspondence addressed directly to him.” In many cases, Martin Van Buren's and his contemporaries’ handwriting is difficult to read. The Papers of Martin Van Buren project aims to release completed transcriptions, but the editorial staff share the opinion of the editors at the Jane Addams Papers, who believe it is better to publish 99% of a document instead of waiting to get that last 1%. Documents published on the Van Buren Papers website are all verified first-pass transcriptions: they have been reviewed by an editor once but may still have errors and missing words. Utilizing this approach allows the editors to make documents accessible quickly, and the digital format allows for later revision. Series The digital edition is organized into fourteen series. • Kinderhook Years (Dec. 1782 – Dec. 1811): Childhood and time as lawyer and local politician. • Albany Years (Jan. 1812 – 16 Feb. 1815): State senator and War of 1812 prosecutor. • Attorney General and Party Leader (17 Feb. 1815 – Dec. 1821): Attorney general, state senator, founder of Albany Regency, member of state constitutional convention. • U.S. Senator (Dec. 1821 – Dec. 1824): U.S. Senator, supporter of William Crawford for president in 1824 election. • U.S. Senator (Jan. 1825 – 3 March 1829): Reconciliation with DeWitt Clinton, support for Andrew Jackson, formation of Jacksonian Democratic coalition, election of 1828, gubernatorial tenure. • U.S. Secretary of State and U.S. Minister to England (4 March 1829 – 3 March 1833): Jackson's secretary of state, Eaton affair, minister to England, vice-presidential candidate in 1832 election. • Vice President (4 March 1833 – 3 March 1837): Vice-presidential duties, Bank War, 1836 election. • President, pt. 1 (4 March 1837 – Dec. 1837): Panic of 1837, independent treasury, Indian Removal, etc. • President, pt. 2 (Jan.–Dec. 1838): Economic issues, independent treasury, Indian removal, etc. • President, pt. 3 (Jan.–Dec. 1839): Panic of 1839, independent treasury, border conflicts, campaign tour through mid-Atlantic states, etc. • President, pt. 4 (Jan. 1840 – 4 March 1841): Independent treasury, border conflicts, Amistad case, 1840 election, etc. • Defeat and 1844 Campaign (5 March 1841 – Dec. 1844): Return to Kinderhook, 1842 national tour, Texas annexation, 1844 Democratic convention, 1844 election. • Move to Free Soil Party (Jan. 1845 – Dec. 1848): Break from James K. Polk and Democratic Party, Free Soil Party nomination, 1848 election. • Retirement (Jan. 1849 – 24 July 1862): Farming, family life, political correspondence, support for Abraham Lincoln in Civil War, death. (This series also includes undated documents) == Funding ==

The Papers of Martin Van Buren first received endorsement from the National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)—then the National Historical Publications Commission (NHPC)—in 1969, and it began receiving NHPC funding in 1971. The project has been funded by the NHPRC since that time. In 2018, the project received a grant from the Watson-Brown Foundation that provided funding to hire an assistant editor and associate editor. It also allowed Cumberland University to provide scholarships for students interested in working on the project. In 2022, the project received funding to hire an associate editor for the 2023-25 grant period. == The future of the project ==

The Papers of Martin Van Buren website is updated regularly as documents are completed. All of these documents are free to access. The project is also publishing an annotated four-volume print edition of Van Buren's most important letters and speeches with the University of Tennessee Press. The print volumes will also be available through a subscription with the University of Virginia’s Rotunda platform. ==See also==