The
redoubts (
reductos) were defenses built by the
Peruvian Army in order to defend
Lima from the
Chilean Army during the
War of the Pacific. In 1880, the Chileans had landed in
Pisco and had
successfully pushed north toward the city. There were ten in total: •
Reducto No. 1: located at the
esplanade of
Chorrillos, it was where Battalion No. 2 was entrenched under the command of Colonel Manuel Lecca. Among its civilian defenders was
Augusto B. Leguía. •
Reducto No. 2: it housed Battalion No. 4, with 300 men, under the command of , who fought alongside other lawyers and deputies of the city. It received the troops of
Belisario Suárez after their
defeat at San Juan. •
Reducto No. 3: located at the former
Fundo La Palma, it is where Battalion No. 6 fought under the command of lawyer Narciso de la Colina, supported by the troops of
Justo Pastor Dávila. •
Reducto No. 4: located in the same place, it house Battalion No. 8 under the command of Juan de Dios Rivero, then
Minister of Finance, alongside other state employees. •
Reducto No. 5: located in
La Calera de la Merced. Possibly where the 10th battalion fought under the command of the
La Calera hacienda's owner, José M. León. •
Reducto Nos. 6 and 7: located between
La Calera and the
Hacienda Vásquez, under the command of
Juan Martín Echenique. •
Reducto Nos. 8, 9 and 10: located between the
Hacienda Vásquez and an area formerly part of
Ate District. 12 battalions were based here, who did not see action.№ 5,500 men in total fought in the first four redobuts, since the rest were dissolved by
Nicolás de Piérola and did not see action. The Chilean troops were numbered at 8,000 men—supported by the
Chilean Navy—with 3,000 Peruvians and 2,214 Chileans being
killed in action. Some of the unidentified bodies at the site were subsequently moved to the crypt at the
city's main cemetery. The park, located at the second redoubt, was declared a National Monument in 1944, and a Patriotic Sanctuary in 1965 (alongside redoubt No. 3—today No. 5—and the
Morro Solar). It was subsequently remodelled in 1995 by then mayor of Miraflores,
Alberto Andrade. It keeps the original
barricade built in 1881, alongside some
cannons used during the war. ==Gallery==