Patsho Khiamniungan

The Patsho Khiamniungan alphabet consists of the following letters: This makes for 27 letters in Patsho Khiamniungan. == Background ==

Patsho denotes both an indigenous Tibeto-Burman language of the Kuki-Chin-Naga cluster and its associated ethnolinguistic community, primarily centered in eastern Nagaland, India. The term exhibits referential polysemy: it functions as a toponym for Patsho Village—a high-population settlement in Noklak District serving as the community’s cultural heartland; a demonym for the village-originating ethnic group; and a glossonym for their native tongue. While the village anchors Patsho identity geographically and demographically, the label extends secondarily to diaspora populations maintaining linguistic and cultural ties to this nucleus. ==Typology==

Patsho Khiamniungan is a Sino-Tibetan, compound of two words. Patsho is a village in Nagaland and Khiamniungan refers to one of the major tribes in Nagaland. == Phonology ==

The phonological inventory of Patsho Khiamniungan is as follows: Vowels Phonemic tones There are four phonemic tones in Patsho, • high level /55/ • mid level /33/ • high falling /52/ • low /31/ Monophthongs Diphthongs Patsho Khiamniungan has the following diphthongs: Triphthongs Patsho Khiamniungan has the following triphthongs: • iai, as in hiai, • iau as in hiauh, kiau, • uai, as in huai,kuai, • üie, as in khǖîe • uau, as in liuau, • uou, as in Tiuou, • oua, as in touap, ==Grammar==

Case marking • èi sōih-à jǖ-shíu-shī-ê. 1sg.ABS go.away-INF NEG-be.able-RSMPT-IRR ‘I won't be able to go away again.’ (AC4-20170109_KIX1-002) • ngǖ-ōh yôh nǜ hâkūtî vâuh tèu-nyê. 1SG-ERG pig DEM large rear keep-REAL I am rearing a large pig (AC4-20050127_KIX1_001) • nyǖ-ōh ātsòu èi jūa-ê tə)náihtǖ, 2SG-ERG really 1SG.ABS call-IRR COND nyǖ-ōh ā-jāmsǖkōuh mèi-kǖ ā-hīe. 2SG-ERG 2SG.POSS-household good-SIM IMP-make If you really plan to call me (to marry), then you set your ==Syntax==

Patsho Khiamniungan is a tonal, agglutinative and SOV language with postpositions. Adjectives, numerals and demonstratives comes after the nouns they modify, whilst relative clauses may be either externally or internally headed. Interrogative such as ateitsoh? appears after the noun or subject but the word mou? usually comes at the end, transforming the sentence into question. • Example of interrogative? {{interlinear|lang=khia|indent=3 {{interlinear|lang=khia|indent=3 • Example of numeral {{interlinear|lang=khia|indent=3 • Example of adjective {{interlinear|lang=khia|indent=3 {{interlinear|lang=khia|indent=3 • Example of demonstrative Demonstratives seems to appear either before noun or after, shown by the example given below. {{interlinear|lang=khia|indent=3 ==Language development==

It has undergone systematic orthographic development using the Latin script, resulting in published standardized writing conventions. This orthography serves as a foundation for pedagogical resources (e.g., primers, grammatical descriptions) and a lexicographic corpus (notably a descriptive dictionary), collectively constituting a language documentation and revitalization framework. ==Writing system==

The Patsho Khiamniungan orthography employs a Latin-based script comprising twenty-seven graphemes. This system exhibits shallow orthographic depth, with grapheme-phoneme correspondences maintained through both monographic and multigraphic representations. Crucially, multigraphs function as single orthographic units despite comprising multiple glyphs: Basic Latin characters (e.g., t,s,h) represent distinct phonemes as monographs. The trigraph , constitutes a single complex grapheme, representing a unitary phoneme (likely a voiceless alveolar affricate with aspiration /tsʰ/). ==Sample texts==

The following is a sample text in Patsho Khiamniungan of Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: or ==Basic vocabulary==

Numbers in Patsho ==See also==