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Patterson function

The Patterson function is used to solve the phase problem in X-ray crystallography. It was introduced in 1935 by Arthur Lindo Patterson while he was a visiting researcher in the laboratory of Bertram Eugene Warren at MIT.

One-dimensional example
Consider the series of delta functions given by :f(x) = \delta(x) + 3 \delta(x-2) + \delta(x-5) + 3 \delta(x-8) + 5 \delta(x-10). \, The Patterson function is given by the following series of delta functions and unit step functions :\begin{align} P(u) = {} &5 \delta(u+10) + 18 \delta(u+8) + 9 \delta(u+6) + 6 \delta(u+5) + 6 \delta(u+3) \\ & + 18 \delta(u+2) + 45 \delta(u) + 18 \delta(u-2) + 6 \delta(u-3) + 6 \delta(u-5) \\ & + 9 \delta(u-6) + 18 \delta(u-8) + 5 \delta(u-10). \end{align} ==References==
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