European spadefoot toad

The European spadefoot toad grows up to in length and is often inconspicuously coloured. They have squat bodies with smooth skin and eyes with vertical pupils. They are predominantly fossorial (burrowing) frogs, which dig into sandy soils. Pelobatidae frogs burrow backwards and they spend much of their time in the ground. They prefer open areas with loose soil as opposed to dense compact soil to facilitate the burrowing and have hardened protrusions on their feet to aid in digging, which is the source of the common name. They emerge from the ground during periods of rain and breed in pools, which are usually temporary. ==Taxonomy==

The seven species of American spadefoot toads (genera Scaphiopus and Spea) were previously also included in the family Pelobatidae, but are now generally regarded as the separate family Scaphiopodidae. Family Pelobatidae • Genus †Elkobatrachus • †Elkobatrachus brocki • Genus †Liaobatrachus • Genus †Eopelobates • †Eopelobates anthracinus • †Eopelobates bayeri • †Eopelobates hinschei • †Eopelobates wagneri • Genus Pelobates • Pelobates balcanicus • Western spadefoot toad  (Pelobates cultripes) • Common spadefoot  (Pelobates fuscus) • Eastern spadefoot toad  (Pelobates syriacus) • Moroccan spadefoot toad  (Pelobates varaldii) • Pallas' spadefoot toad (Pelobates vespertinus) ==Fossils==

The earliest fossil genus of pelobatids, Elkobatrachus, was described in 2006. In the Jurassic Morrison Formation, pelobatids are represented by the ilium of an unnamed but indeterminate species. The Oligocene site of Enspel in Germany preserves evidence of pelobatid tadpoles feeding on pollen. ==Notes==