Velvet Revolution The party was created as a Slovak
nationalist faction of
Public Against Violence (VPN), from which it seceded at an extraordinary VPN congress on 27 April 1991. Called 'Movement for a Democratic Slovakia' (HZDS), it was led by
Vladimír Mečiar, who had been deposed as Slovak
Prime Minister a month earlier, and composed mostly of the VPN's cabinet members. The HZDS claimed to represent Slovak national interest, and demanded a more decentralised
Czechoslovak confederation. On 7 May 1992, the HZDS voted for a
declaration of independence, but this was defeated 73-57. At
the first election in which it took part, on 5–6 June, the HZDS won an overwhelming victory, with 74 seats on the
National Council: two short of an absolute majority. Mečiar was appointed prime minister on 24 June. Whereas the HZDS wanted a confederation, the
Czech elections on the same day were won by
Civic Democratic Party, which preferred a tighter federation. Recognising that these positions were irreconcilable, the National Council voted for
Slovakia's Declaration of Independence by 113 votes to 24, and Mečiar concluded formal negotiations over the
dissolution of Czechoslovakia.
Dominant party The party adopted an economically
populist position, and sought to slow the post-Soviet
privatisation and
liberalisation. In
the first elections after independence, in late 1994, the HZDS retained its dominant position, winning 58 seats (the
Peasant's Party of Slovakia won a further 3 on its list).
Decline in opposition Originally designating itself as a centre-left party, the party moved towards the mainstream right and, in March 2000, renamed itself the 'People's Party – Movement for a Democratic Slovakia' (ĽS-HZDS) to try to achieve membership of the
European People's Party (EPP). However, lingering memories of former anti-Europeanism, conflicting rhetoric, The ĽS-HZDS then looked to the Euro-integrationist
European Democratic Party, which it joined in 2009. The build-up to the
2002 election saw Mečiar exclude a number of prominent members from the party's list of candidates. Several of the excluded members, led by
Ivan Gašparovič, split from the party and founded the similarly titled
Movement for Democracy (HZD). The new party won 3.3% of the vote, eating significantly into the ĽS-HZDS's position, and contributing to it winning only 36 seats. By 2006, further divisions and splits had reduced it to only 21 MPs.
Back in government In the
parliamentary election of 17 June 2006, the party won 8.8% of the popular vote and 15 out of 150 seats. Two ĽS-HZDS ministers were sworn in with the
Robert Fico government on July 4, 2006: •
Štefan Harabin (deputy prime minister; minister of justice); •
Miroslav Jureňa (minister of agriculture). In the
2010 election the party lost all its seats, after its share of the vote halved to below the 5% threshold for entering parliament. ==Election results==