Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Scotland

The political office of Secretary for Scotland was established in 1885 along with the establishment of the Scottish Office. In line with the secretaryship, a permanent under-secretaryship was created, to be occupied by a civil servant. The first office-holder was Francis Sandford. When the political office became the Secretary of State for Scotland in 1926, the permanent secretary also became Permanent Under-Secretary of State. == Permanent Under-Secretaries (of State) for Scotland ==

The following were Permanent Under-Secretaries (of State) for Scotland: • 1885–1887: Sir Francis Sandford (later Baron Sandford). • 1888–1892: Robert Cochran-Patrick. • 1892–1902: Colonel Sir Colin Scott-Moncrieff • 1902–1908: Sir Reginald Macleod of Macleod • 1909–1921: Sir James Miller Dodds • 1921–1933: Sir John Lamb (Under-Secretary of State after 1926) • 1933–1937: Sir John Jeffrey • 1937: John Elborn Highton • 1937–1946: Sir Horace Hamilton • 1946–1959: Sir David Milne • 1959–1964: Sir William Murrie • 1965–1973: Sir Thomas Douglas Haddow • 1973–1978: Sir Nicholas Godfrey Morrison • 1978–1988: Sir William Kerr Fraser • 1988–1998: Sir Robert Hillhouse • 1998–1999: Alastair Muir Russell == Heads of the Scottish departments (Secretary grade) ==

The Scottish Office was unusual in that it was federal in arrangement; the Secretary of State oversaw several separate Scottish departments via the Scottish Office; those departments were headed by a Secretary who was responsible directly to the Secretary of State, but would meet with the Permanent Under-Secretary of State at the Scottish Office regularly. The following is a list of those secretaries. was replaced in 1928 by the Department of Agriculture for Scotland with a new permanent secretary. Responsibility for fisheries was added in 1960 from the Scottish Home Department, and the department was then renamed the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for Scotland. • 1918–1928: Charles Weatherill As Department of Agriculture for Scotland • 1928–1934: Sir Robert Blyth Greig • 1934–1953: Sir Patrick Ramsay Laird • 1953–1958: Sir Alexander Glen • 1958–1960: Sir Matthew Campbell As Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for Scotland (from 1991 Scottish Office Department of Agriculture and Fisheries) • 1960–1968: Sir Matthew Campbell • 1968–1971: Harry Whitby • 1971: William George Pottinger • 1972–1984: James Ian Smith • 1984–1992: Loudon Pearson Hamilton • 1992–1995: Kenneth John Mackenzie As Scottish Office Agriculture, Environment and Fisheries Department • 1995–1998: Alastair Muir Russell • 1998–1999: John Strathie Graham Secretary, Scottish Office Development Department (1962–1999) Created in 1962 as the Scottish Development Department, but reverted to being the Scottish Office Development Department in 1995. As Scottish Development Department • 1962–1964: Thomas Douglas Haddow • 1965–1973: Sir Alan Blythe Hume • 1973–1976: Kenneth Newis • 1976–1980: Eric Gillett • 1980–1987: Tony Richard Hillier Godden • 1987–1990: Robert Gavin Loudon McCrone As Scottish (Office) Environment Department • 1991–1992: Robert Gavin Loudon McCrone • 1992–1995: Harold Hernshaw Mills As Scottish Office Development Department • 1995–1998: Harold Hernshaw Mills • 1998–1999: Kenneth John Mackenzie Secretary, Scottish Office Industry Department (1973–1995) Created in 1973 as the Scottish Economic Planning Department. and, like all departments it was prefixed with "Scottish Office" in 1991. • 1973–1980: Tony Richard Hillier Godden • 1980–1983: Robert Gavin Loudon McCrone As Scottish (Office) Industry Department • 1983–1987: Robert Gavin Loudon McCrone • 1987–1990: James Archibald Scott • 1990–1995: Peter Mackay Secretary, Scottish Office Education and Industry Department Formed in 1872 as the Scotch Education Department, renamed Scottish Education Department in 1918, Scottish Office Education Department in 1991 and Scottish Office Education and Industry Department in 1995. • 1872–1884: Francis Sandford (later Baron Sandford). • 1936–1940: Sir James Wallace Peck • 1940–1952: Sir John Mackay Thomson (acting 1939) • 1952–1957: Sir William Stuart Murrie • 1964–1973: Sir Norman Graham • 1973–1976: John Martin Fearn • 1976–1984: John Angus Macbeth Mitchell • 1984–1987: James Archibald Scott • 1988–1999: Gerald Robertson Wilson Secretary, Department of Health for Scotland (1929–1962) The Board of Health was established in 1919. and merged with the Department of Health for Scotland in 1962 to form the Scottish Home and Health Department (see below). • 1929–1933: John Jeffrey • 1933–1937: John Elborn Highton • 1937–1939: William Scott Douglas • 1939–1943: William Robert Fraser • 1943–1953: Sir George Henry Henderson • 1953–1956: Harold Ross Smith • 1956–1959: Sir John Anderson • 1959–1962: Thomas Douglas Haddow Secretary, Scottish Home Department (1939–1962) Established in 1939 to take over functions of the Scottish Office, the Fishery Board for Scotland, and the Prisons Department for Scotland. Merged with the Department of Health for Scotland in 1962 to form the Scottish Home and Health Department (see below). It was renamed the Scottish Office Home and Health Department in 1991, After 1995, the new Health Department had no secretary, but comprised several branches: the Management Executive for NHS in Scotland (the Chief Executive from 1993 to 1999 was Geoffrey Richard Scaife, CB), the Office of the Chief Scientist, the Public Health Policy Unit (the head of which was the Chief Medical Officer), Medical Services (also headed by the Chief Medical Officer) and Nursing Services (headed by the Chief Nursing Officer). Secretary, Prisons Department for Scotland (1929–1939) The Prisons Department was established by the Reorganisation of Offices (Scotland) Act 1928; it was abolished by the Reorganisation of Offices (Scotland) Act 1939, and its functions were transferred to the newly established Scottish Home Department. • 1929–1935: Lt-Col. Randolph Baird • 1936–1939: Lt-Col. William Leith-Ross == Deputy Secretary, Central Services (1974–1991) ==

The Deputy Secretary, Central Services, ranked equally with the Secretaries of each of the Departments, and formed part of the Scottish Office's management group (along with the Secretaries and Permanent Under-Secretary). The office-holder was responsible for matters of devolution, as well as the financial management of the Office and local authority finance. The office was established in response to the devolution policies of the Second Wilson Ministry; "it became imperative to create devolution units at high level but separate from the departments". The first appointment was Kerr Fraser, who held the post between 1975 and 1978. The office was abolished in 1991, after Ian Penman left. Responsibility for local government finance was transferred to the Environment Department (formerly the Development Department), while management responsibilities were vested in Gerry Wilson, secretary of the Education Department; this latter arrangement was not intended to be permanent, but reflected the "relative workload" of the different grade 2 officials. • 1975–1978: William Kerr Fraser • 1978–1984: William Reid • 1984–1991: Ian Dalgleish Penman == References ==