Petroleum Board

In the inter-war period the strategic planning of the UK's oil supplies in the event of war was the responsibility of the Oil Board. This was established in 1925 as a sub-committee of the Committee of Imperial Defence. By the late 1930s the Oil Board's preparatory work for war was focused on potential sources of supply particularly from the Middle East, and Central and South America, together with practical issues of tankage and storage. The Oil Board planned that wartime petroleum was to be operated on the basis of an ‘oil pool’ with production of petroleum from individual companies pooled and then controlled and distributed by a Petroleum Board. Following the establishment of the Petroleum Board the functions of the Oil Board were subsumed in the Petroleum Department (Secretary for Petroleum) of the Board of Trade. == Operations ==

The Petroleum Board was established within a week of the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939. It was based in Shell Mex House on the Strand, London. The membership comprised the Chairmen or Chief Executives of most of the petroleum and oil companies operating in the UK. The original corporate membership was the Anglo-American Oil Company, the National Benzole, Shell-Mex & BP, and Trinidad Leaseholds and their associated companies. Other oil companies joined the Board later. The aim of the board was to oversee the import, processing, storage, distribution and delivery of all petroleum products in the UK with the exception of oil for the Royal Navy. Supplies of petroleum and petroleum products were no longer branded and competition between the oil companies was suspended. The board was acknowledged to have been effective. This prompted the chairman of the Petroleum Board, Sir Andrew Agnew, to write to the press to assert that the Board was not responsible for rationing. He pointed out that this was the responsibility of the Petroleum Department of Board of Trade, and the Ministry of War Transport. == Post-war coordination ==

The original agreement, made when the Petroleum Board was established, provided for its dissolution no more than two years after the state of emergency ended. The oil companies also wished to return to individual marketing and claimed that the continuation of pooling was frustrating the development of distribution. In August 1947 the Minister of Fuel and Power announced that the Petroleum Board would be dissolved on 31 December 1947. The war-time pooling arrangements had been retained long after most countries had returned to commercial supplies. To continue coordination of petroleum supplies the Minister directed the oil industry to set up two advisory committees to provide liaison between the industry and the government. These were the United Kingdom Petroleum Advisory Committee to provide information to, and cooperate with, government in safeguarding the national interest in petroleum. And the Oil Industry Advisory Council to act with the government on oil matters in general. == Key people ==

The members of the Board in 1939 were: • Sir Andrew Agnew, C.B.E. (Chairman). • Mr. R. Beaumont. • Sir William Fraser, C.B.E. • Mr. F. Godber. • Mr. F. L. Halford. • Mr. A. Hittinger. • Mr. A. J. Singleton. • Mr. E. E. Soubry. • Mr. F. J. Wolfe. • Secretary–Mr. H. E. Snow. == See also ==