Oil refineries will blend various feedstocks, mix appropriate additives, provide short-term storage, and prepare for bulk loading to trucks, barges, product ships, and railcars. • Gasses like
propane and
methane are stored within petroleum. • Liquid fuels blending (producing automotive and aviation grades of gasoline,
kerosene, various aviation turbine fuels, and diesel fuels, adding dyes, detergents, antiknock additives, oxygenates, and anti-fungal compounds as required). Shipped by barge, rail, and tanker ship. May be shipped regionally in dedicated
pipelines to point consumers, particularly aviation jet fuel to major airports, or piped to distributors in multi-product pipelines using product separators called
pipeline inspection gauges ("pigs"). •
Lubricants (produces light machine oils,
motor oils, and
greases, adding
viscosity stabilizers as required), usually shipped in bulk to an offsite packaging plant. •
Paraffin wax, used in illumination (
candle wax) and other uses. May be shipped in bulk to a site to prepare as packaged blocks. •
Slack wax, a raw refinery output comprising a mixture of oil and wax used as a precursor for
scale wax and paraffin wax and as-is in non-food products such as
wax emulsions, construction board, matches, candles, rust protection, and vapour barriers. •
Sulfur, by-product of sulfur removal from petroleum, which contain percent of
organosulfur compounds. • Bulk
tar shipping for offsite unit packaging for use in tar-and-gravel roofing or similar uses. •
Asphalt, used as a binder for
gravel to form
asphalt concrete, which is used for paving roads, lots, etc. An asphalt unit prepares bulk asphalt for shipment. •
Petroleum coke, used in specialty
carbon products such as certain types of
electrodes, or as solid fuel. •
Petrochemicals or petrochemical feedstocks such as
ethylene, ==Petroleum by-products==