The complex was built by the Italian army as a frontier barracks during the interwar period, when much of what is presently southwestern Slovenia was part of the
Kingdom of Italy. A fortress of the
Alpine Wall, built to guard the Italian side of the pre-1941
Rapallo border, is an annex of the museum grounds and is accessible by hiking trail. After
WWII, the Pivka barracks were successively inherited by the militaries of Yugoslavia and Slovenia. In 2004, the facility was transferred from the Slovene Ministry of Defense to the
Municipality of Pivka, with the understanding that it would be converted into a military museum. The initial exhibit (the tank and artillery pavilion, with exhibits transferred from the Military Museum of the Slovene Armed Forces) opened in September 2006. ==Exhibits==