The placement agent acts as an intermediary between those seeking to raise money and those who may be interested in investing. They are typically mandated by
fund managers. A few placement agents are structured as groups within large
investment banking firms, but more frequently as separate boutique investment banks, sometimes captive to an Alternative Asset management group or specialist fund marketer. Placement agents will often seek to raise capital from a variety of
institutional investors (e.g.,
pension funds,
insurance companies,
endowments,
funds of funds, and
sovereign wealth funds) as well as
family offices and
high-net-worth individuals. Some placement agents have an exclusive focus on a particular type of
institutional investor such as US pension advisors for corporate and public
pension funds. Placement agents are most often compensated through fees based on the amount of money raised (success fee) or supported by the fund or company they are actively representing (retainer fee). Agents are distinguished from
underwriters in that the former are only intermediaries. ==Functions==