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Potentially hazardous object

A potentially hazardous object (PHO) is a near-Earth object – either an asteroid or a comet – with an orbit that can make close approaches to the Earth and which is large enough to cause significant regional damage in the event of impact. They are conventionally defined as having a minimum orbit intersection distance with Earth of less than 0.05 astronomical units and an absolute magnitude of 22 or brighter, the latter of which roughly corresponds to a size larger than 140 meters. More than 99% of the known potentially hazardous objects are no impact threat over the next 100 years. As of February 2025, just 21 of the known potentially hazardous objects listed on the Sentry Risk Table could not be excluded as potential threats over the next hundred years. Over hundreds if not thousands of years though, the orbits of some "potentially hazardous" asteroids can evolve to live up to their namesake.

Overview
as of early 2013. An object is considered a PHO if its minimum orbit intersection distance (MOID) with respect to Earth is less than approximately 19.5 lunar distancesand its absolute magnitude is brighter than 22, approximately corresponding to a diameter above . Although the early original criticism had not undergone peer review, a more recent peer-reviewed study was subsequently published. == Largest PHAs ==
Largest PHAs
With a mean diameter of approximately 7kilometers (), Apollo asteroid is likely the largest known potentially hazardous object, despite its fainter absolute magnitude of 15.2, compared to other listed objects in the table below ''(note: calculated mean-diameters in table are inferred from the object's brightness and its (assumed) albedo. They are only an approximation.)''. Statistics Below is a list of the largest PHAs (based on absolute magnitude,) discovered in a given year. Historical data of the cumulative number of discovered PHA since 1999 are displayed in the bar chartsone for the total number and the other for objects larger than one kilometer. PHAs brighter than absolute magnitude 17.75 are likely larger than 1 km in size. {{Image frame |width = 500 |align=right |pos=bottom |content= |caption =Cumulative number of discovered potentially hazardous asteroids larger than 1 kilometer as of January 1 each year. As of January 2025, there are 154 known PHAs larger than one kilometer. {{Image frame |width = 500 |align=right |pos=bottom |content= |caption = Cumulative number of all discovered PHAs as of January 1 of each year. As of January 2025, there are 2473 PHAs. == Gallery ==
Gallery
File:2005YU55-20111107.jpg|Radar image of the 350-meter PHO == See also ==
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