• Any electoral system that allows a voter to indicate multiple preferences where preferences marked are weighted or used as contingency votes (any system other than
plurality or
anti-plurality) •
Ranked voting methods, all election methods that involve ranking candidates in order of preference (United States) •
Instant-runoff voting and
single transferable vote, referred to as "preferential voting" in Australia by way of
conflation •
Bucklin voting, used in some parts of the United States; similarly conflated during the
Progressive Era •
Optional preferential voting •
Open list representation, a form of party-list proportional representation where "preference votes" are used to express preference for individual candidates instead of party lists == See also ==