The school has been the subject of three histories written by, respectively, J. F. Ward (1883–1954), Ronald Malcolm Gibbs (1938-2015) and Rob Linn.
1854 to 1945 First conceived in 1854, the
Wesleyan Methodist Church (Great Britain) in South Australia voted to create a school 'for the education of our sons' in 1867, at what is now called Old Methodist Meeting Hall on Pirie Street. The land in the suburb of Kent Town had been secured earlier at the sum of £2,750 with enough capital (£6,00) to build the first part of the main building. The creation of a Methodist school followed other successful attempts in New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. The new school was primarily intended to educate children of wealthy businessmen and farmers with a view to create future civic leaders steeped in 'large and liberal culture'. At the time, Methodism accounted for a quarter of the colony's population, partly because of the influx of Cornish miners.
T. G. Waterhouse and the Rev. John Watsford persuaded the Governor of South Australia, Sir
Dominick Daly, to ask
Prince Alfred, then
Duke of Edinburgh, to lay the foundation stone at the new school during his tour of the Australian colonies. In September it was announced that Alfred would lay the stone and that the new school would be the 'Alfred College'. The stone was laid on 5 November 1867 at 2pm. The only female student to attend the school was
Lilian Staple Mead, daughter of Baptist minister
Silas Mead, in 1883–1884, in order to matriculate and enter University at a time when few schools were available for girls to do so.
1945 to 1999 The school has attracted many royal visitors since its foundation, including
Queen Elizabeth II and
Prince Philip in 1954. In the 1970s, the Prince Alfred College Foundation was created under the direction of businessman,
W. Geoffrey Gerard. Its first project was the Scotts Creek outdoor campus located at
Mannum in country South Australia, before developments at the preparatory school, gymnasium and boarding house. The Foundation quickly became the financial arm of the school responsible for many major redevelopments. The
Methodist Church of Australasia amalgamated with other Protestant churches in 1977 to form the
Uniting Church in Australia, which the school is now affiliated with.
2000 to present In 2000 the school was mentioned in the Australian Parliament when the then Leader of the Opposition,
Kim Beazley, had to deny his children attended the school. The matter arose because of a controversial letter sent to MPs by the headmaster, Stephen Codrington, regarding proposed legislative changes. At one time, Princes was the only college in Adelaide to offer the IB Diploma at all three stages; the PYP and MYP are compulsory units of work for Preparatory and Middle school students, enabling its students to continue to complete the Diploma in year 11 and 12, or to be recognised nationally with the SACE. On Wednesday 18 April 2018,
Elizabeth II's son,
Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex, visited Prince Alfred College, and participated in an unveiling a stone to commemorate the sesquicentennial of the College. In 2019, Prince Alfred College celebrated its sesquicentenary 150th Anniversary. The second female member of the school's leadership was appointed in 2024, Deputy Headmistress Georgina West; the first being Cynthia May (2004 – 2007). The South Australian premier,
Peter Malinauskas, officially opened a new building built by the PAOCA. ==List of headmasters==