Maria Annunciata Isabella Filomena Sabasia, known as Maria Annunciata to the public and “Ciolla” to her family, was born on 24 March 1843 at the
Royal Palace of Caserta to King
Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and his wife, Archduchess
Maria Theresa of Austria. She was the fourth of their twelve children, and the eldest daughter. She also had a half-brother,
Francis, from her father's first marriage. Throughout her childhood and adulthood, Maria was known to be "calm, modest and reserved", while her mother enjoyed social life. There the family lived with Pope Pius IX at the Quirinal Palace. Then the family left for the Farnese Palace.
Death of Ferdinand In 1859, Ferdinand, Maria's father, died, and her older brother Francis became king of the
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. His reign ended in 1860 during the
Expedition of the Thousand led by
Giuseppe Garibaldi, who overthrew the monarchy, and the people voted to join the
Kingdom of Sardinia, under King
Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia. Upon the invasion, Maria Theresa moved the family towards Gaeta. The family stayed in
Rome after many weeks of traveling. There the family lived with
Pope Pius IX at the
Quirinal Palace. Then the family left for the
Farnese Palace. ==Marriage (1862–1870)==