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Putonghua Proficiency Test

The Putonghua Proficiency Test or Putonghua Shuiping Ceshi (PSC) is an official test of spoken fluency in Standard Chinese (Mandarin) intended for native speakers of Chinese languages. The test was developed in October 1994 by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, the Institute of Applied Linguistics at Beijing Language and Culture University and the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television. Specified standards of achievement in the test are required for many jobs in broadcasting, education and government.

Content
The test consists of five sections: • Reading 100 monosyllabic words to test pronunciation. (10%) • Reading 100 polysyllabic words to test pronunciation. (20%) • Reading out the correct form from several choices, to test vocabulary and syntax. (10%) • Reading a 400-character passage to test fluency. (30%) • Speaking for three minutes on a topic chosen from two supplied by the examiners. (30%) There are sixty literary selections used in the fourth section of the test, including: • a selection from Jia Pingwa's ('Ugly Rock'), a story about a meteorite which he and the local community had thought of for many years as a worthless ugly rock who in 1962 wrote about the hope for a better year of farming in 1963 after the Great Chinese Famine. • a story from the youth of Xu Dishan in which, after the family has grown peanuts for several months, his father Xu Nanying uses an analogy to the peanut to teach a moral lesson to his children. • a translation (by Ba Jin) of a story about a young sparrow which had fallen from its nest, written by Ivan Turgenev. • a description of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang, Jiuquan, Gansu • a reminiscence on the value of keeping in close contact with friends by Liu Hsia • a story about the wisdom displayed by Tao Xingzhi in his handling of a misbehaving elementary school student. • a story from the childhood of famous footballer Pelé growing up in the slums of Rio de Janeiro. • a reminiscence on the life of Mina Owczyńska, mother of author Romain GaryXia Yan's comparison of things conventionally assumed to be strong and powerful with grass, which he considers more powerful == Grading ==
Grading
Candidates who pass the test are given a Certificate of Putonghua Proficiency Level at levels 1, 2 or 3, each of which is subdivided into grades A and B: • Level 1-A (97% correct) is required for presenters in national and provincial radio and television. • Level 1-B (92% correct) is required for Chinese-language teachers in northern China. • Level 2-A (87% correct) is required for Chinese-language teachers in southern China. • Level 2-B (80% correct) is required for Chinese teachers teaching other subjects in China than Chinese Language and Literature. • Level 3-A (70% correct) • Level 3-B (60% correct) is required for civil service jobs. By 2010, the test had been taken more than 35 million times. As it requires strict adherence to the phonology of Standard Chinese, including such features as retroflex initials, erhua and the neutral tone, the test gives an advantage to native speakers of the Beijing dialect and closely related varieties over speakers of varieties lacking these features. == See also ==
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