The Chinle Formation has a diverse flora of plant megafossils, though they are concentrated in only a few sites with suitable conditions. One of the most diverse floral communities is found near
Fort Wingate,
New Mexico.
Paleobotanists have traditionally placed the Fort Wingate plant beds into the
Monitor Butte Member, though more recently they are placed within the
Bluewater Creek Formation, a subunit of the Chinle Formation first defined in 1989. Some Fort Wingate plant fossils belong to the "Lake Ciniza beds", a localized patch of grey mudstone corresponding to an ancient lake. The floral composition of the Chinle Formation (and other parts of Late Triassic North America) seem to shift with changes in climate over time. The lowest parts of the Chinle, such as the
Shinarump Conglomerate, are dominated by the bennettitalean
Eoginkgoites alongside the first occurrence of other persistent plants such as
Phlebopteris,
Equisetites, and most common conifer species. Subsequent subunits (such as the
Blue Mesa Member,
Monitor Butte Member, and
Bluewater Creek Formation) are much more diverse, with a wide array of humidity-adapted plants making up the typical Chinle flora. This second floral zone is characterized by
Dinophyton, a common but enigmatic shrubby gymnosperm. Plant fossils are rare in the upper part of the Chinle Formation, which was presumably much drier than the lower part. In these later layers, by far the most common plant fossils belong to
Sanmiguelia (an endemic of southwestern North America) alongside conifers and horsetails.
Gymnosperms Ferns Other plants ==Arthropods==