Reversed glottal stop

In Unicode, five graphic variants of the reversed glottal stop are available. • Caseless , used in phonetic transcriptions and some orthographies. • Casing pair and , used in Pilagá orthography. • Superscript , graphical alternative of . • Superscript , technical superscript of caseless . Additionally, there are two graphic variants with a stroke, both used in phonetic transcriptions. • Caseless • Superscript == Usage ==

The phonetic symbol ʕ became part of the International Phonetic Alphabet in 1928, replacing the small capital Q used in the 1912 Principles, to transcribe the voiced pharyngeal fricative. Like the glottal stop letter, it has since been borrowed into Americanist phonetic notation and the transliteration of languages such as Arabic (see Romanization of Arabic). The reversed glottal stop is used as a caseless letter in several orthographies: Okanagan and Columbia-Moses in the United States, Ditinaht, Nuuchahnulth, St'at'imcets and Thompson in Canada. In Ethiopia, it is used by some authors in Tsamai while others use , and was used in Ale but has been replaced by . The bicameral form of the letter (majuscule: ꟎, minuscule: ꟏) is used in the Pilagá language to represent the voiced pharyngeal fricative . It was created in 1996 after much deliberation throughout the Pilagá community, along with the rest of the Pilagá alphabet. In Pilagá, it is rendered similarly to the gelded reversed question mark . == Appearance in computer fonts ==

The caseless has been in Unicode since version 1.1 and has been available in previous phonetic encodings as well. The casing pair ꟎ and ꟏ were added to Unicode in Latin Extended-D on September 9th, 2025, with the release of Unicode 17.0.0. Due to its infrequent usage and recent introduction into Unicode, few fonts have created a glyph for it (such as GNU Unifont), and the character may appear rendered as a box to many users. ꟎ and ꟏ occupy codepoints and respectively. ==See also==