Clifton was instituted to the vicarage of
Marnham, near
Newark-on-Trent, on 12 February 1585 and on 11 July 1586 to the rectory of All Saints' Church, Babworth, near
Retford. He lost his position as rector of Babworth through
deprivation by 7 June 1605. The
Separatist congregation at
Scrooby, which was formed after Clyfton's ejection from Babworth in 1605, ordinarily met in
William Brewster's house at Scrooby for a few months.
John Robinson attached himself to Clyfton's church and was chosen his assistant in the ministry; and after Clyfton's move to the Netherlands became sole pastor of the church.
William Bradford belonged to this congregation. Clifton emigrated to Amsterdam in August 1608. He joined other exiles there and attached himself to the church of which
Francis Johnson was pastor. He was, perhaps, on
Henry Ainsworth's departure (16 December 1610) made teacher among them. Bradford describes him as a "grave and fatherly old man when he left England, having a great white beard".
Separatists Clifton was a member and leader of the
Pilgrims. He led a congregation with
William Brewster. Clyfton was one of the most effective authors for the Pilgrim Separatists. The
English Separatist congregation that became the core of the Pilgrim movement had two pastors, Clyfton and
John Robinson. Neither saw the "
promised land" of
Plymouth Colony. Robinson was with the congregation (although not yet pastor) when they moved from England to Holland in search of religious freedom. He was a strong proponent of the group's later move from Holland to America, where they would reestablish their church in the Plymouth Colony. Bradford describes how the Separatists in the area of England sometimes called "Pilgrim Country" (Nottinghamshire, Lincolnshire and Yorkshire) formed themselves into two distinct churches. One was the church formed at
Gainsborough, Lincolnshire (
John Smyth became their pastor). The other was the church gathered first at Babworth and then at Scrooby in Nottinghamshire, about ten miles from Gainsborough. This
Scrooby Congregation (which would eventually become the Pilgrim church) was under the leadership of Clyfton. "In one of these churches [Gainsborough]… was Mr. John Smith, a man of able gifts and a good preacher, who afterwards was chosen their pastor. But these afterwards falling into some errors in the Low Countries [The Netherlands], there (for the most part) buried themselves and their names. But in this other church [Scrooby]…besides other worthy men, was Mr. Richard Clyfton, a grave and reverend preacher, who by his pains and diligence had done much good, and under God had been a means of the conversion of many. And also that famous and worthy man Mr. John Robinson, who afterwards was their pastor for many years, till the Lord took him away by death. Also Mr. William Brewster…" It was the preaching of Clyfton and the inspiration he provided to Brewster and Bradford that launched the "Pilgrim adventure." Sometime in the 1590s, Clyfton began to preach dissenting religious views and to conduct services using prayers that were not in the authorised
Book of Common Prayer. He soon drew an audience from the surrounding towns and villages. Brewster, living six or seven miles away in Scrooby, heard Clyfton preach. Brewster joined Clyfton's Babworth congregation. Several years later, around 1602, young William Bradford, who was living in
Austerfield (some ten miles from Babworth), also, according to
Cotton Mather "came to enjoy Mr. Richard Clifton's illuminating ministry." The path from Bradford’s home in Austerfield to the church in Babworth went by Brewster’s home in Scrooby. The two men—Bradford an intellectual teenager and Brewster a settled older family man—walked together and undoubtedly learned each other's minds and characters. ==Works==