In 1943 James was trying to develop a means for suspending sensitive shipboard instruments aboard
naval vessels, even in rough seas, and was working with torsion
springs when he accidentally dropped one. Seeing how the spring kept moving after it hit the ground, the idea for a toy was born. He bought a coil-winding machine and started the James Spring & Wire Company to mass-produce the toy. The following year, Betty came up with the name
Slinky after leafing through the dictionary and thinking that the word described the motion of the spring. The couple made 400
Slinkys and convinced
Gimbels department store in Philadelphia to carry the toy for Christmas 1945. Originally displayed in a static position, none of the toys sold but when Richard James stepped up to demonstrate the toy in action on a ramp, the entire first production run sold out within 90 minutes at a price of $1 each. The toy became a huge success, particularly after James left the operation and Betty took over the helm. In all, a total of 300 million Slinkys have been sold, In 1960, Richard went to
Bolivia to join
Wycliffe Bible Translators, leaving behind his wife, six children, and nearly-bankrupt company in the United States. Betty James took over as
CEO of James Industries. She moved the company from Philadelphia to its current
Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania location and began an active advertising campaign, complete with the famous Slinky jingle. She ran the company until her retirement in 1998, and was inducted into the
Toy Industry Hall of Fame in 2001. Betty died on November 20, 2008, age 90 of
congestive heart failure at the
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. == References ==