He first represented his country at the
IAAF World Cross Country Championships, running in the junior races in 1999 and 2000. He was sixth over
1500 metres at the
2000 World Junior Championships in Athletics. Moving up to the senior ranks, he came tenth at the
2003 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships to lead Morocco to fourth place in the men's team rankings. The year after he ran in the long race at the
2004 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, but managed only 63rd place. He won the
Parelloop 10K in race in the
Netherlands in 2005. On April 6, 2008, he won the
Cherry Blossom 10-Mile Run in Washington D.C., and successfully defended his title on April 5, 2009. He won the
Bolder Boulder race twice consecutively in 2007 and 2008. He won the Cherry Blossom ten-miler in 45 minutes and 56 seconds, the fastest time in the event since Simon Rono ran 45:51 in 1998. He also won the
Boilermaker Road Race in
Utica, New York and
Azalea Trail Run that year. He came ninth at the
2010 Chicago Marathon in a time of 2:13:01 hours. On May 15, 2011, Harroufi won the 100th Bay to Breakers 12K in San Francisco California with a time of 34 minutes and 26 seconds, breaking a string of 20 consecutive event victories by runners from
Kenya. He won the 34th annual
Boilermaker Road Race for the second time in his career on July 10, 2011. His official race time was 43 minutes and 30 seconds. He ran at the 2011
Fukuoka Marathon and was ninth overall. Harroufi served a two-year ban from 2013 to 2015 for an anti-doping rule violation after testing positive for
EPO. He gained American citizen and
became eligible to represent the United States internationally in 2020. In September 2020, Harroufi was issued with second career ban lasting eight-years to run from 2020 to 2028 for an anti-doping rule violation after testing positive for anabolic steroids. ==International competitions==