Rimasuchus

The first fossil of Rimasuchus an incomplete skull with associated mandible, was collected by lieutenant colonel Arthur H. Lloyd in the early 20th century in Wadi Moghara, Egypt. The holotype specimen, CGM 15597, was given to the Egyptian Geological Museum and described by Fourtau in 1918 under the name Crocodylus lloydi. Eventually other skulls further south in Africa ended up being assigned to "Crocodylus" lloydi, with the oldest and southern-most material stemming from Namibia and the youngest fossils from Tanzania and Kenya in East Africa. This would have given the taxon a massive range both geographically and stratigraphically, spanning large parts of the continent from the Miocene up to the Pleistocene. However revisions of these fossils soon reduced the range of "Crocodylus" lloydi back to its original state. In 2003 the Namibian material was named Crocodylus gariepensis by Martin Pickford, who suggested that it was the true ancestor of the Nile crocodile. and two years later Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni was named from Kenya. With the Kenyan specimens assigned to their own species, previous size estimates indicating that Rimasuchus grew to massive sizes and even preyed on humans were rendered out of date. Furthermore, with their description Rimasuchus was effectively removed from the fossil record of East Africa and the Pleistocene. The generic name "Rimasuchus" comes from the Latin words rima, meaning "crack", which is referencing the East African rift valley. However the fact that later studies have shown the absence of Rimasuchus in the region renders the name somewhat ironic. The species name honors Arthur H. Lloyd, who initially discovered the fossils in Egypt. == Description ==

Rimasuchus has a brevirostrine skull, meaning the snout is short and broad. The premaxillae are wider than long. The suture between the premaxillae and maxillae on the palate is relatively straight. ==Phylogeny==

Early studies on Rimasuchus generally thought it to be a member of the genus Crocodylus within the Crocodylinae. Given its age it was believed for some time to have been the direct ancestor to the modern Nile crocodile. A 2018 tip dating study by Lee & Yates simultaneously using morphological, molecular (DNA sequencing), and stratigraphic (fossil age) data established the inter-relationships within Crocodylidae and in 2021, Hekkala et al. were able to use paleogenomics, extracting DNA from the extinct Voay, to better establish the relationships within Crocodylidae, including the subfamilies Crocodylinae and Osteolaeminae. Their results confirmed Rimasuchus' status as an osteolaemine. In their phylogenetic tree Rimasuchus was recovered as the closest relative to the two modern dwarf crocodile species and more derived than Brochuchus. }} Restricting the analysis to work based on morphological data alone also finds it to be an osteolaemine, although the internal relationships of the clade differ slightly. Here, it takes a more basal position, neither especially close to the extant forms nor to the long-snouted Euthecodon. }} }} ==References==