Robberg Nature Reserve and Marine Protected Area

Robberg Nature Reserve The 1.96 km2 Robberg Nature Reserve was established on 1 August 1980. Robberg Marine Protected Area The Robberg Marine Protected Area was established on 2 September 1998 as a Marine Protected Area by Proclamation in Government Notice No. 18 of 1998, and was proclaimed by the Minister of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Mohammed Valli Moosa, in Government Gazette No. 21948 of 29 December 2000 according to section 43 of the Marine Living Resources Act, 18 of 1998. ==Purpose==

A marine protected area is defined by the IUCN as "A clearly defined geographical space, recognised, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural values". ==Extent==

About 12.9 km of coastline comprising 1.85 km of sandy shores along Robberg beach and 11.05 km on the Robberg peninsula, and 42 km2 of ocean is protected by the MPA. Boundaries The boundaries are: • Northern boundary: 34°04.916′ E023°22.300′ to S34°04.916′ E023°25.967′ • Eastern boundary: S34°04.916′ E023°25.967′ to S34°07.633′ E023°25.967′ • Southern boundary: S34°07.633′ E023°25.967′ to S34°07.633′ E023°22.300′ • Western boundary: S34°07.633′ E023°22.300′ to 34°04.916′ E023°22.300′ Zonation The entire MPA is a controlled area. ==Management==

The marine protected areas of South Africa are the responsibility of the national government, which has management agreements with a variety of MPA management authorities, in this case, CapeNature, which manages the MPA with funding from the South African Government through the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA). The Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries is responsible for issuing permits, quotas and law enforcement.