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Robert L. Carneiro

Robert Leonard Carneiro was an American anthropologist and curator of the American Museum of Natural History who is widely held to be one of the prominent sociocultural evolutionists. He is mostly known for his Circumscription theory which explains how early political states may have formed as a result of interactions between environmental constraints, population pressures, and warfare.

List of selected works
• "A Theory of the Origin of the State". Science. 169 (3947) (1970): 733–738. • "The Transition From Quantity to Quality: A Neglected Causal Mechanism in Accounting for Social Evolution." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 97 (2000): 12926–12931. • "Process vs. Stages: A False Dichotomy in Tracing the Rise of the State." In Alternatives of Social Evolution. Ed. by Nikolay Kradin, Andrey Korotayev, Dmitri Bondarenko, Victor de Munck, and Paul Wason, pp. 52–58. Vladivostok: Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2000. • The Muse of History and the Science of Culture. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2000 • "What Happened at Flashpoint? Conjectures on Chiefdom Formation at the Very Moment of Conception." In Chiefdoms and Chieftaincy in the Americas. Ed. by Elsa M. Redman, pp. 18–42. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998. • Evolutionism in Cultural Anthropology: A Critical History. Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 2003. • The Evolution of the Human Mind From Supernaturalism to Naturalism, An Anthropological Perspective. New York: Eliot Werner Publications, Inc., 2010. • The Checkered History of the Circumscription Theory. AuthorHouse, Bloomington, IN, 2018. ==See also==
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