He was born on 8 September 1677 a third son of
Sir Charles Erskine, 1st Baronet of Alva and his wife Christian Dundas of Arniston. He was born in the family home of Alva House in
Clackmannanshire. His younger brother was
Charles Erskine, Lord Tinwald. He was also a first cousin of
John Erskine, Earl of Mar (1675–1732) and
Robert Dundas of Arniston, the Elder, and uncle to
James Erskine, Lord Alva. He engaged in medical studies in
Edinburgh,
Paris and
Utrecht receiving a doctorate in medicine in the latter, and was made a Fellow of the
Royal Society in 1703. He arrived in Russia in the summer of 1704 originally as physician to
Alexander Menshikov but within 6 months had found favour in the court of the tsar. Head of the entire medical chancellery, he was the Tsar's chief physician. He was appointed the first director of the St. Petersburg Kunstkamera and library with
Johann Daniel Schumacher as his assistant. He created Russia's first
herbarium in 1709. In 1716, the Tsar elevated him to privy councillor. Two medical doctors who worked for Erskine,
Thomas Garvine and
John Bell, were members of trading expeditions to China from 1715 to 1720. He died at
Olonets near St Petersburg on
St Andrew's Day, 30 November 1718 and was buried in the
Alexander Nevsky Lavra in St Petersburg on 4 January 1719 being granted a full state funeral attended by the tsar. Erskine was a part of
masonic network of Scottish
Jacobites that influenced the Russian court. A memorial was erected in his memory in Alva churchyard on the 8th of September 2006. Dr Robert Erskine was also commemorated in St Petersburg, Russia on the 2nd of October 2008 by the unveiling of a plaque in the Aleksander Nevsky Lavra. ==References==