World War II In 1942, Barrow left the university early to join the
United States Marine Corps. He attended
recruit training at
Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego and was retained as a
Drill Instructor after his graduation. While serving on the drill field, he was selected to attend
Officer Candidate School in February 1943. He was commissioned a second lieutenant on May 19, 1943. Barrow served in China during
World War II. He was a first lieutenant in the United States Navy Group China,
Sino-American Cooperative Organization (SACO) from August 1944 to November 1945. SACO was a United States trained and equipped Chinese
guerilla team in Japanese-occupied Central China. Barrow is said by his son to have described his China service as one of his "most vivid experiences". For his service, he was awarded the
Bronze Star Medal with
Combat "V".
Korean War Barrow commanded Company A,
1st Battalion, 1st Marines during the Korean War and participated in the
Inchon-Seoul campaign and in the
Chosin Reservoir campaign. He has been described as the "finest company commander" of the Korean War. Barrow was the first commandant to serve, by law, as a regular full member of the
Joint Chiefs of Staff. As commandant, "he was instrumental in acquiring approval of production for the Marine Corps of the American-modified
Harrier aircraft, in awakening interest in new and improved naval gunfire support, in getting amphibious ships included in the navy's new construction programs, and in returning hospital ships to the fleet, especially on station with Marine Corps amphibious task forces." Barrow retired from the Marine Corps on 30 June 1983, and was presented with the
Navy Distinguished Service Medal upon retirement.
Military awards Barrow's decorations, awards, and badges include: ==Post-military career==