On March 7, 2017, Sprague announced his candidacy for Ohio treasurer. During the campaign, he received endorsements from several Ohio newspaper editorial boards. On November 6, 2018, Sprague was elected Ohio Treasurer of State, defeating Democratic nominee Rob Richardson 53% to 47%. He took office on January 11, 2019. As treasurer, Sprague launched ResultsOHIO, a program focused on pay-for-success initiatives addressing social and public health challenges.
Campaign finance and industry contributions During his 2018 campaign for Ohio Treasurer, Robert Sprague received contributions from a range of corporate political action committees (PACs), including those representing the energy, financial, and legal sectors. Energy-sector PACs contributing to Sprague's campaign included NiSource Inc. PAC ($2,500), Duke Energy Corporation PAC ($1,000), American Electric Power Committee for Responsible Government ($2,500), One Energy Ohio PAC ($1,000), Marathon Petroleum Corporation Employees PAC ($7,000 total), and Murray Energy Corporation PAC ($5,000). Campaign finance filings from the Ohio Secretary of State show that Robert Sprague received contributions from energy and utility-affiliated political action committees during the period surrounding the passage of House Bill 6 (HB6), later central to the
Ohio nuclear bribery scandal. These included a $500 contribution from Duke Energy PAC in 2017, along with contributions from other regulated industry and infrastructure-related PACs active in Ohio’s legislative environment.
Cryptocurrency In 2018, the Ohio Treasurer's office launched OhioCrypto.com, a platform that allowed businesses to pay certain state taxes using cryptocurrency. In 2019, the State Board of Deposit requested an opinion from the Ohio Attorney General regarding the program. The attorney general concluded that the platform constituted a "financial transaction device" and required approval by the Board of Deposit before it could be used to collect state funds. The opinion also noted that the OhioCrypto.com program had been suspended pending issuance of the opinion.
Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) As Ohio treasurer, Sprague said he would not make investment decisions based on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors, describing that position as consistent with the office's fiduciary responsibilities. In March 2022, Sprague joined a multistate comment letter opposing possible Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board ESG disclosure requirements for municipal issuers. In May 2023, Sprague was among 21 state financial officers who signed letters and questionnaires sent to major asset management firms and proxy advisory firms seeking information about their use of ESG considerations in investment and voting practices. Sprague was also listed among supporters of the federal Ensuring Sound Guidance Act, a 2023 bill concerning ESG-related investment practices and municipal securities disclosures.
Tax withholding litigation In 2021, Community Legal Aid filed a lawsuit in the
Ohio Supreme Court against Ohio Tax Commissioner Jeff McClain and Treasurer Robert Sprague, alleging that the state failed to properly attribute employer-withheld income taxes to individual taxpayers, potentially resulting in double taxation in some cases. In 2022, the Ohio Supreme Court dismissed the lawsuit. ==2026 Ohio secretary of state campaign==