The nationally endangered
Burgan Skink is
endemic to the Rock and Pillar range. An invertebrate survey at one shrubland location in 2001 showed that 90% of the species found are endemic to New Zealand. The Rock and Pillar Range is also an area of narrow-range
endemism for New Zealand endemic moths. The moth species
Ichneutica schistella can only be found in this area. The Rock and Pillar Range has a similar alpine vegetation to other mountain ranges in Central Otago, such as the
Old Man Range. It also harbours other species with narrow geographic ranges such as
Myosotis umbrosa and the flightless chafer beetle
Prodontria montis, which are only known from the Rock and Pillar Range and the nearby
Lammerlaw Range. == References ==