Thornhill, British Columbia

Thornhill, British Columbia, is named after Tom Thornhill, an English settler, and his wife Eliza, a member of the Kitselas First Nation. The Thornhills settled on the banks of the Skeena River in the late 19th century. Tom was a captain of a paddle-wheeler that operated along the Skeena River, while Eliza contributed to the community through trapping and hunting. Eliza Thornhill died in 1907, and Tom Thornhill died in 1910. The development of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway and the Canadian National Railway played a key role in the expansion of the region. As Thornhill developed, logging and sawmilling became important industries in the area. The expansion of logging and other resource industries in the region also contributed to Thornhill’s population growth. In the 1990s, the possibility of Thornhill’s incorporation was explored. Thornhill residents voted against the proposal, while Terrace residents supported it. In 2014, the issue of governance resurfaced with renewed calls for incorporation due to Thornhill’s relatively large population and unique governance, and the challenges of managing services within the regional district. Thornhill is considered one of the largest unincorporated communities by population in the province. The community remains part of Electoral Area E in the Kitimat-Stikine Regional District, and as of 2024, efforts continue to explore the feasibility of Thornhill’s incorporation or other governance options. == Geography ==

Thornhill is located within the Coastal Western Hemlock Wet Submaritime Biogeoclimatic Zone, characterized by dense forests consisting of Western Red Cedar, Western Hemlock, Balsam, and Sitka Spruce. The community is situated on the southwest side of the Skeena River, with several tributaries including Thornhill Creek, Hurley Creek, and Kofoed Creek, which are fish-bearing streams. The Skeena River is a central natural feature in the area, supporting salmon and steelhead populations. Notable topographical features in Thornhill include Copper Mountain to its west and Thornhill Mountain. The land in Thornhill is primarily forested, with areas of steep slopes leading to the river. In 1979, it was estimated that approximately 45% of Thornhill’s land area is classified as either “not developable” or “restricted developable” due to natural and man-made constraints, including steep escarpments, drainage courses, and transportation networks. The 200-year floodplain of the Skeena River extends to areas on the west side of Queensway Drive and west of Kofoed Drive. Development in these areas is subject to flood risk considerations, and mitigation measures may be required, such as elevating habitable spaces above floodplain levels. There are also areas with steep slopes in Thornhill, particularly around Copper Mountain, and the escarpments that separate the Bench area from Queensway Drive and the Upper Bench from the Horseshoe. Development in these areas is generally restricted due to the risk of landslides. Thornhill contains pockets of glaciomarine soils, which are fine-grained soils susceptible to landslides if disturbed. Climate Thornhill experiences a temperate climate with mild temperatures and significant precipitation. The area receives approximately of precipitation annually, supporting lush vegetation typical of the Coastal Western Hemlock Wet Submaritime Biogeoclimatic Zone. This climate contributes to the dense forests in the region and influences local hydrological patterns. Climate normals are from Northwest Regional Airport Terrace-Kitimat, about southwest. Climate change may impact the community by contributing to increased flooding in local creeks and rivers, potentially affecting the landscape and infrastructure. Rising temperatures could also lead to higher river and stream temperatures, which may impact local aquatic ecosystems. == Demographics ==

The population of Thornhill, British Columbia, has remained relatively stable since 2006, though the precise number can vary depending on the interpretation of the community’s boundaries. Thornhill is considered to include areas adjacent to the city of Terrace, but its exact geographic scope is sometimes subject to debate. Area E (Thornhill). Subdivisions such as Copperside Estates and Jackpine Flats are often included when discussing the population of Thornhill. However, there is some ambiguity regarding their inclusion, as the boundaries of Thornhill are not always clearly defined. Copperside Estates is frequently viewed as part of Thornhill due to its proximity and shared services, but is not considered part of Electoral Area E while the status of Jackpine Flats in relation to Thornhill is less clear. Some sources may include these subdivisions in the population count, while others may consider them distinct areas within the broader region, or part of Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine Electoral Area C. Thornhill is part of Electoral Area E of the Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine, which extends from the area around Kulspi 6 (Gitaus) on Queensway Drive, to the southwest, and includes areas along Highway 16 to Creech Street to the east, and continues to Ziegler Road and Old Lakelse Lake Drive, to the south. The community’s boundaries are generally considered to be along these defined roads and areas, and population counts through the Canadian Census officially reflect this geographic area. Panethnic Groups == Economy ==

The economy of Thornhill, British Columbia, is influenced by various industries and employment sectors. The 2021 Census provided insights into the community’s workforce and income levels. Key data includes: Most common industries of employment for people aged 15 and over in 2020: • Trade and Transport: 33.0% • Sales and Services: 22.5% • Education, Law, and Government: 13.6% • Business Services: 12.5% Unemployment and employment rates in Thornhill are similar to those of the Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine, but higher than the province of British Columbia. Average total individual income in Thornhill in 2020 was $52,300, while the median total individual income was $44,000. In 2020, 9.7% of households in Thornhill were classified as low-income, both lower than the 11.9% rate in the Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine (RDKS), and the 10.8% rate for the province of British Columbia. Economy and Employment The economy of Thornhill and its residents’ employment are linked to broader economic activity in the region, particularly in the neighbouring city of Terrace, which serves as the major service centre for northwestern British Columbia. Terrace is an important hub for resource industries, including forestry, mining exploration, and LNG development. Economic development in Thornhill is influenced by global market cycles, particularly those tied to resource industries. The community’s economic strategy involves maximizing benefits from industrial activity while also ensuring that the economy remains diverse and resilient when such activity diminishes. Thornhill has a mix of commercial businesses that include accommodations, retail stores, gas stations, convenience stores, restaurants, and vehicle sales. Additionally, industrial businesses such as gravel extraction and processing, mini storage, and auto repair operate in the area. Despite these existing services, Thornhill residents have noted that there are unmet commercial needs, including greater access to clothing stores, coffee shops, grocery stores, and entertainment options. Tourism Thornhill benefits from its natural environment and recreational opportunities, attracting tourists to the area. Key tourism-related amenities include: • Thornhill Mountain and Copper Mountain, which offer hiking and biking trails. • Skeena Valley Golf & Country Club, a golf course providing recreational opportunities for residents and visitors. • Terrace Rod & Gun Club, which offers fishing, hunting, and shooting sports. • Hidden Acres Farm & Treehouse Resort, providing accommodation and recreational activities. == Arts and Culture ==

Thornhill, British Columbia, has a variety of cultural events and tourism opportunities that reflect its local heritage and natural environment. Annual Cultural Events Thornhill hosts several annual cultural events, providing opportunities for residents and visitors to engage with the local community and traditions: • Farm Fest at Hidden Acres Farm & Treehouse Resort: This event is held annually at Hidden Acres Farm & Treehouse Resort. It features activities such as live music, farm tours, and various family-friendly events, showcasing local agriculture and farm life. The fair was an annual event that brought together local residents for a community celebration of the harvest season. • Skeena Valley Country Music Festival: Hosted by the BC Métis Foundation at the Thornhill Community Centre, this annual music festival celebrates country music with performances from local and regional musicians. The festival is a key event in the community’s cultural calendar. Tourism Thornhill is located in an area rich in natural beauty, with opportunities for outdoor recreation that draw visitors to the region. Notable tourism features include: • Thornhill Mountain: Thornhill Mountain is a popular location for hiking and biking. The trails on the mountain offer access to the surrounding natural environment, providing recreational opportunities for both locals and visitors. • Skeena River: The Skeena River is a well-known destination for fishing, particularly for salmon and steelhead. The river is also used for other recreational activities such as canoeing and wildlife viewing. Fishing in the river attracts many visitors each year. == Sports ==

Thornhill, British Columbia, offers a variety of recreational facilities and programs for residents, including the Thornhill Community Centre, local parks, and access to facilities in the neighbouring city of Terrace. Recreational Services Funding Residents of Thornhill contribute to the funding of recreational services through: • Operation of the Thornhill Community Centre Grounds: Funding supports the maintenance and operation of the community centre, which hosts various programs and events. • Maintenance of Thornhill Parks and Recreational Sites: Contributions help maintain local parks and recreational areas, ensuring they remain accessible and well-kept for public use. • Support for Recreation Services in Terrace: A portion of the funding assists in the operation of the Terrace Sportsplex and pool in the city of Terrace, providing residents with access to additional recreational facilities. Terrace Sportsplex The Terrace Sportsplex is a multi-purpose facility offering: • Ice Skating: The facility includes two sheets of ice, accommodating various ice sports and public skating sessions. • Fitness Classes: The Sportsplex offers a range of fitness classes, including skating and fitness programs. • Room Rentals: The facility provides room rentals for events and meetings, including a banquet room and multi-purpose spaces. Residents contribute to the funding of these services, which are managed by the city of Terrace. == Government ==

Thornhill is an unincorporated community, meaning it is not governed as an independent municipality. It is part of the Kitimat-Stikine Regional District (RDKS), which is responsible for various services in the area. The community is located within Electoral Area E of the RDKS, and governance is provided through the regional district’s board. Governance The RDKS is governed by a board consisting of a chair and 11 directors, one of whom is elected to represent each electoral area. Elections are held every four years during the general local elections. In addition to the elected directors, every municipality within the Regional District appoints council members to sit on the regional board. This structure allows Thornhill to have representation through its elected director, but it does not have the same local autonomy as an incorporated municipality. The Thornhill Advisory Planning Commission (APC) has been established by the Regional District Board to provide advice on planning matters specific to the Thornhill area. The APC consists of nine members: eight are appointed from the community, and one is a representative of the Kitselas First Nation. Members of the APC are appointed for two-year unpaid terms. Incorporation Thornhill residents have expressed interest in exploring alternative governance arrangements, including the possibility of incorporation as a municipality or amalgamation with the city of Terrace. In 1997, a referendum was held to consider the option of amalgamating Thornhill with Terrace. However, the proposal did not receive enough support from Thornhill residents to proceed. A community survey conducted as part of the Official Community Plan (OCP) process indicated a range of opinions on the future governance structure. The survey asked residents about their vision for the community and the potential challenges they face. Approximately 25 out of 344 respondents specifically mentioned regional governance, with half supporting incorporation of Thornhill as a municipality and the other half in favour of amalgamation with Terrace. In 2018, the Regional District conducted the Thornhill Community Outreach Study to assess public interest in a governance study. The study involved informational materials, public meetings, and surveys. However, less than 5% of Thornhill residents participated, and the feedback did not show a strong desire to alter the governance structure or initiate a formal study on governance options. == Education ==

Thornhill is served by several educational institutions, providing a range of academic and vocational training opportunities for students in the area. The community is part of Coast Mountains School District 82 (CMSD 82), which manages all public education services in Thornhill. It is one of the primary educational institutions in the community, offering early childhood education to younger students. • Thornhill Elementary School: Serving students from Grades 4 to 6, Thornhill Elementary School provides education for older primary and early secondary-aged children. The facility is designed to provide hands-on learning and vocational training for those pursuing careers in trades such as construction, electrical work, and other skilled professions. The centre helps address local employment needs by offering specialized training for students and adult learners looking to gain qualifications in practical fields. == Media ==

The media in Thornhill is primarily focused on the city of Terrace and the surrounding areas but also covers broader regions of northwestern British Columbia. The media landscape includes a variety of newspapers, radio stations, and television outlets that serve the region. Newspapers The history of newspapers in the area dates back to the early 20th century, with several publications serving the communities of Terrace and its surrounding regions: • Terrace News Letter: Plans for the Terrace News Letter were announced in 1914, though its launch is unclear. • Terrace Dispatch: Published from 1915 to 1917, this newspaper was one of the early sources of news in the Terrace area. • Terrace News: Established in early 1920, the Terrace News was in publication at least until 1922. A 1934 mention of the paper remains uncertain. • Omineca Herald & Terrace Times: By the early 1940s, the Omineca Herald in Hazelton had merged with the Terrace Times and was renamed the Omineca Herald & Terrace Times. In 1949, the name changed again to Terrace Omineca Herald, and the paper moved from New Hazelton to Terrace. By the 1960s, it became known simply as the Terrace Herald. • Terrace Review: The Terrace Review was published from 1985 to 1992, covering local news during its years of publication. • Terrace Daily Online: The Terrace Daily Online was a digital news source that existed from around 2007 to 2012, providing online news coverage for the area. • Terrace Standard: First printed in 1988, the Terrace Standard is the main daily publication serving the Terrace area and continues to provide local and regional news. • Skeena Reporter: Launched in 2023, the Skeena Reporter covers local news in Terrace and its surrounding areas. These publications, particularly The Terrace Standard and The Skeena Reporter, are central to providing local news to both Terrace and surrounding communities, with some publications also offering broader coverage of the northwestern British Columbia region. • FM 92.1 – CFNR-FM: This station provides First Nations community programming and classic rock music. It serves the northern regions of British Columbia and provides programming relevant to the local Indigenous communities. • FM 96.9 – CBUF-FM-3: This station is a repeater of Première Chaîne (CBUF-FM) from Vancouver, providing French-language programming for the region. • FM 103.1 – CJFW-FM: CJFW-FM broadcasts country music and is another popular station in the area, serving a broad audience in Terrace and surrounding areas. Television • Channel 3 – CFTK-TV: CFTK-TV is the local television station, operating as a CTV 2 owned-and-operated station. It provides news, entertainment, and other programming for Terrace and surrounding communities. == Infrastructure ==

Thornhill has a range of infrastructure services that are either provided by the Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine, or in partnership with neighbouring Terrace. Service availability varies depending on location, with some remote areas of Thornhill having limited connectivity. A third well has been developed in the area as a future water source. • BC Ambulance Service: Provides emergency medical services to Thornhill and surrounding communities, with response times supported by the Terrace and Thornhill areas. • North West Regional Hospital District: Oversees health care funding and infrastructure in the region, including contributions to hospital and ambulance services. Solid Waste The Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine manages solid waste collection and curbside recycling in Thornhill. A curbside organics collection program has also been implemented, with composting facilities available for organic waste. ==References==