Rose (Rozalia) Rand was born in
Lemberg in the Austrian crown land of
Galicia (today, Lviv,
Ukraine). After her family moved to
Austria she studied at the Polish
Gymnasium in
Vienna. As a PhD candidate, Rand participated regularly in the Vienna Circle discussions, and kept records of these discussions, she was most active in the Vienna Circle from 1930 to 1935. In 1937 her doctoral thesis on
Kotarbiński's philosophy was approved and she completed her PhD
viva. Rand, unemployed and of
Jewish descent, suffered great difficulties in pre-
World War II Vienna. In 1939, with the assistance of
Susan Stebbing, she finally emigrated to
London as a Jew without nationality. ==References==