Halorubrum ejinorense was first isolated from Lake Ejinor in
Inner Mongolia, China.
Halorubrum lacusprofundi was first isolated in the 1980s from
Deep Lake,
Antarctica. Its
genome,
sequenced in 2008, consists of two
chromosomes (one 2.74
Mb and the other 0.53 Mb) and one plasmid (0.43 Mb). Its
β-galactosidase enzyme has been extensively studied to understand how proteins function in low-temperature, high-saline environments. One strain of
H. lacusprofundi contains a plasmid for
horizontal gene transfer, which takes place via a mechanism that uses vesicle-enclosed virus-like particles.
Halorubrum sodomense was first identified in the
Dead Sea in 1980. It requires a higher concentration of
Mg2+ ions for growth than related
halophiles. Its
cell surface membrane contains
Archaerhodopsin-3 (AR3), a photoreceptor protein which harvests the energy from
sunlight to establish a proton motive force that is used for
ATP synthesis. Mutants of AR3 are widely used as tools in
optogenetics for neuroscience research.
Halorubrum tibetense was first isolated from
Lake Zabuye in Tibet, China.
Halorubrum xinjiangense was first isolated from
Xiao-Er-Kule Lake in Xinjiang, China. ;Proposed species Several species and novel binomial names have been proposed, but not validly published. published. • "
Halorubrum africanae" Kharroub et al. 2007b and "
Halorubrum constantinense" Kharroub et al. 2007b were isolated in
Algeria and proposed as new species in 2007 and 2005. • "
Halorubrum alimentarium" Nam et al. 2008 nom. nud. and "
Halorubrum koreense" Nam et al. 2008 nom. nud. are the proposed names for the undescribed strains
B43 and
B6, appearing in a publication of 2008. • "
Halorubrum halotolerans" Sabet et al. 2009 is the proposed name for an undescribed strain isolated from solar salterns in
Baja California in 2009. •
Halorubrum hochstenium is the proposed name for the full genome of the undescribed strain
ATCC 700873, supplied to databases in 2014. • "
Halorubrum jeotgali" Roh et al. 2007b was isolated from samples of traditional Korean seafood and proposed as new species in 2007.
Halorubrum cibarium was proposed in the same publication. It was proposed again under the name
H. cibi and accepted in 2009. • "
Halorubrum kribbense" Nkamga, Henrissat & Drancourt 2017 and "
Halorubrum norisence" Nkamga, Henrissat & Drancourt 2017 are proposed names of unisolated strains from the human gut microbiome, referenced in a publication in 2017. •
H. miltondacostae Albuquerque et al. 2025 • "
Halorubrum salipaludis" Gong et al. 2021 was first published in 2021. • "
Halorubrum salsolis" •
Halorubrum salsamenti was isolated from salt brine and proposed as new species in 2017. • "
Halorubrum sfaxense" Trigui et al. 2011 was isolated in
Tunisia and proposed as new species in 2017. • "
Halorubrum tropicale" was isolated in
Puerto Rico and proposed as new species in 2016.
Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and
National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). ==References==