It is not known is Rupiamma, as a "Great Satrap", should be understood as a representative of the
Kushan Empire, or as one of the
Western Satraps, whose own political relationship with the Kushan is not clearly known. If Rupiamma belonged to the Kushan hierarchy, this would suggest that Kushan control extended this far south, beyond the generally accepted southern boundary formed by the
Narmada River. According to the recently discovered
Rabatak inscription, Kushan dominions expanded into the heartland of northern India in the early 2nd century CE. Lines 4 to 7 of the inscription describe the cities which were under the rule of Kanishka, among which six names are identifiable:
Ujjain,
Kundina,
Saketa,
Kausambi,
Pataliputra, and
Champa (although the text is not clear whether Champa was a possession of Kanishka or just beyond it). ==References==