In 1945, the Okinawa Advisory Council was established by order of the
United States Armed Forces, to administer the
Okinawa Islands, the prefecture office of which had been eliminated as a result of
Battle of Okinawa. The surviving prefecture offices, including those of
Miyako Subprefecture and
Yaeyama Subprefecture, established their own independent administrations. On February 2, 1946, after the decision to partition Japan's territory south of the
30th parallel north,
Ōshima Subprefecture (including the
Amami Islands and
Tokara Islands) separated from the jurisdiction of
Kagoshima Prefecture and came under the command of the
United States Military Government of the Ryukyu Islands. On August 4, 1950, after multiple reorganizations, the Government of the Okinawa Islands, Government of the Miyako Islands, Government of the Yaeyama Islands, and Government of the Amami Islands were established. Originally, these administrative organizations were lower branches of the United States Military Government of the Ryukyu Islands. In 1950, this military government changed its name to the "United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands." USCAR directed and supervised these subordinate governments, with the power to unconditionally veto their decisions. Until 1952, the island governments were headed by popularly elected
governors and frequently exhibited speech and conduct contrary to the intentions of USCAR, such as demands to return to Japanese administration. In response, USCAR created the Government of the Ryukyu Islands (GRI), headed by Ryukyu residents designated by USCAR itself. This government had its own courts, legislature, and executive, forming the judicial, legislative, and executive branches of government, respectively. However, there was no change in the policy allowing USCAR to annul any government decision, and the government was under USCAR surveillance. Nonetheless, the movement to return to rule by the Japanese mainland was popular to the extent that every legislative session, from the very first, passed a resolution to return to Japanese administration. The Ryukyuan government and legislature were the driving force behind the later movement for Okinawa Prefecture to return to Japanese control, against the wishes of USCAR. ==Members of government==