Immediately after retiring, Gouveia returned to Boavista to manage the junior side. Two months later, he replaced
Rui Ferreira at the main squad. Gouveia worked with
Académica de Coimbra from 2011 to 2013, under
Pedro Emanuel. He was part of the squad that
reached their first
Taça de Portugal final since 1939, defeating
Sporting CP on 19 May 2012. On 20 June 2013, Gouveia was named new head coach of
Salgueiros. He was fired just three months later, following a string of poor results. Gouveia was appointed at
Santa Clara on 2 December 2014, following the sacking of
Cláudio Braga. His first game in charge took place the following week, and his team defeated
Leixões 2–0 at home. After
José Viterbo's resignation, Académica announced the return of Gouveia in September 2015, this time as the new head coach. His first league match at the helm was at
Rio Ave on the 28th (1–0 loss), and he only managed to collect six wins until the end of
the season, in an eventual return to the second tier after a 14-year stay. On 3 June 2016, Gouveia was appointed manager of second-division club
Covilhã on 3 June 2016. He led the side to the eighth position in his
debut campaign, being relieved of his duties on 14 September 2017 due to poor results. In June 2018, Gouveia was hired at Leixões after
Francisco Chaló left for Algeria. He was dismissed that 23 December after a 1–2 home defeat to
Cova da Piedade, with the team in 13th place and in the
quarter-finals of the domestic cup. Gouveia signed with
Saudi First Division League's
Al-Jabalain on 11 July 2019. He returned to Portugal two years later, with second-tier
Vilafranquense. On 5 July 2022, Gouveia returned to Saudi Arabia and its division two by agreeing to a contract at
Al-Hazem. He achieved promotion in his
first season, but was fired in October 2023 due to poor results. Gouveia went back to the Saudi second tier in June 2024, becoming manager of
Al Faisaly. On 28 November, he left by mutual consent. On 6 January 2025, Gouveia was appointed at
Campeonato Brasileiro Série C club
Brusque. On 10 July, after four winless matches, he left by mutual agreement. ==Managerial statistics==