MALG (1958–1962) The DRS was formed as the ''
Ministère de l'Armement et des Liaisons générales'' (MALG) during the
Algerian War for independence, under the direction by
Abdelhafid Boussouf, whose role was to lead both the national and international networks of the
Front de libération nationale (FLN). After independence in 1962, and particularly with the accession of
Houari Boumédiène to the leadership of the country in 1965, the Algerian intelligence services greatly professionalised and institutionalised. MALG was organized under five departments : •
DTN: National Communications department •
DDR: Documentation and Research department, responsible for military research •
DVCR: Vigilance and Counter Intelligence •
DLG: Army post network • Management of logistics for acquiring, storing, and routing weapons and equipment.
Sécurité Militaire (1962–1990) This change of internal organization was modeled to a large extent on the intelligence and internal security services of the then
Eastern bloc Nations. Renamed , its directives were: •
Counter-espionage •
Internal security •
Foreign intelligence The first appointed Chairman of Military Security was the colonel
Kasdi Merbah who stayed until the death of president Boumédiène in 1978. Then he was succeeded for a short time by colonel Yazid Zerhouni. President
Chadli Bendjedid, who mistrusted the SM, dismantled it and renamed it the
DGPS. Chadli appointed to the chair of the DGPS general
Lakehal Ayat, reorganising the agency to work solely in foreign intelligence.
DRS (1990–2016) The
riots and turmoil of October 1988 caused president Chadli Bendjedid to dismiss General Ayat, who was succeeded by General Betchine. His tenure saw major political change, beginning with the advent of a
multi-party political system and the rise of the Islamist movement of the
FIS. Betchine was then replaced by Mohamed Mediène in November 1990, who served until 2015. Following this, the Services changed its name once again, from DGPS to DRS. Outside observers have charged that Mediène was one of the junta of generals who forced the cancellation the
1991 elections which the
Islamists were set to win, plunging the nation into a war against the Islamist, and greatly increasing the power of the military—and the DRS—in Algeria's government. It was in this period that the DRS reasserted its role in internal security, becoming an active player in the
Algerian Civil War of the 1990s. It reportedly had as many as 100,000 agents that infiltrated many segments of society. DRS agents infiltrated and manipulated terrorist groups, and repressed different Islamist groups. It also blocked negotiations both by the ruling and opposition powers with the FIS. In September 2013, the DRS was reorganized to bring more of its power under the state's control. In 2016, it was dissolved entirely and replaced. ==Chairmen of the DRS==