Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu

Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu was founded upon the establishment of Fort Saint-Jean in 1666 by soldiers of the French Carignan-Salières Regiment. Permanent settlement began in the 1780s after the American Revolution, when French-Canadian settlers and British Loyalists were drawn to the site of the former garrison. Historically, the city has been an important transportation hub. The first railway line in British North America connected it with La Prairie in 1836. It hosts the annual International Balloon Festival of Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, a hot air balloon festival which attracts thousands of tourists who come to see the hundreds of balloons in the sky each August. The Chambly Canal extends north along the west bank of the river and provides modern freight passage to Chambly and the St. Lawrence River. The canal has one lock near the downtown of Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. In the winter, the city builds a skating rink on the canal near the lock. In the summer, the embankment on the east side of the canal has a cycling path. The French built Fort Saint-Jean in the seventeenth century. Known to early English settlers as St. Johns, it provided an important communication link during the Seven Years' War. During the American Revolutionary War control of the town changed hands several times as British and American forces moved through the area. In 2001, the city and several adjoining communities were merged into the new regional county municipality with a population to 79,600. This merger was requested by the five municipalities involved and was not part of the municipal fusions imposed by the Quebec government the following year. in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu during the 2011 floods. ==Geography==

Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu straddles the banks of the Richelieu River. The city is the seat of Le Haut-Richelieu regional county municipality and of the judicial district of Iberville. Climate {{Weather box {{cite web Neighbourhoods The city is divided in five sectors which refer to the former municipalities. Each sector contains different neighbourhoods: == Demographics ==

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021. The amalgamated municipalities (with 2001 population) were: • Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu (37,386) • Saint-Luc (20,573) • Iberville (9,424) • Saint-Athanase (6,691) • L'Acadie (5,526) Despite the fact that nearby Montreal is very racially diverse, in 2021 Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu had a very large majority of white residents (~94.4%). 4.1% of residents were visible minorities and 1.5% identified as Indigenous. The largest visible minority groups were Black (1.4%) and Latin American (0.8%). French was the mother tongue of 92.5% of residents. Other common mother tongues were English (2.5%), Spanish (0.8%), and Arabic (0.5%). 1.4% claimed both French and English as first languages, while 0.4% listed both French and a non-official language. 68.9% of residents were Christian, down from 88.0% in 2011. 62.3% were Catholic, 4.3% were Christian n.o.s and 0.8% were Protestant. 29.3% of the population was non-religious or secular, up from 11.7% in 2011. All other religions and spiritual traditions accounted for 1.8% of the population. The largest non-Christian religion was Islam at 1.4%. ==Annual events==

A park hosts the annual International Balloon Festival of Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, a hot air balloon festival which attracts thousands of tourists. ==Economy==

Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu is home to the Carrefour Richelieu regional shopping mall which has 115 stores. Newer retail developments include Faubourg Saint-Jean, home to restaurants, services, stores, and a soon-to-open movie theatre. The historic downtown area, which borders the Richelieu River and includes Richelieu and Champlain streets, is home to a variety of locally owned bars, restaurants, and shops. St-Jean is a manufacturing centre for textiles, wood products, sporting equipment, and metal transformation. It hosts an Area Support Unit (ASU) of the Canadian Armed Forces, which functions as a primary recruit and officer training establishment. ==Infrastructure==

The Ville de Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu public transit system provides commuter and local bus services. According to the 2016 Census, 22,840 residents, or 56.7% of the labour force work within the city. An additional 5,135 (12.7%) commute to Montreal, while 2,305 (5.7%) work in Longueuil, 1,440 (3.6%) work in Brossard, and 965 (2.4%) work in Chambly. By contrast only 770 people commute from Montreal to work in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu every day, while 795 people commute from Longueuil, 780 commute from Chambly, 510 commute from Saint-Alexandre and 500 commute from Mont-Saint-Grégoire. Transportation The city is split in two by Autoroute de la Vallée-des-Forts (Autoroute 35) which goes north–south by going first through Saint-Luc district, then turns east just south of Pierre-Caisse Boulevard in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu district to cross the Richelieu River and to finally continue its way south through St-Athanase and Iberville districts. The highway continues south for some 24 km before ending at Saint-Sébastien, but it is expected to be extended all the way to the Canada-United States border at Saint-Armand (Highgate Springs, Vermont) in the future, and will then continue as Interstate 89 in Vermont. Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu has its own municipal airport, Saint-Jean Airport, and is also close to Montréal–Trudeau International Airport. The former International Railway of Maine runs through the town, now the connecting point for the Central Maine and Quebec Railway with the Canadian Pacific Railway. The former Saint-Jean-d'Iberville railway station, which until 1966 served the Ambassador to Boston and New York City and the Washingtonian to Washington, D.C., is now a preserved building. ==Education==

The South Shore Protestant Regional School Board previously served the municipality. In addition to more than a dozen public elementary and secondary schools, St-Jean is home to two private schools, one English-language school, and two higher education institutions: • Ecole du quatre vent elementary French school • École Vision Saint-Jean, a trilingual (French-English-Spanish) primary school • École Secondaire Marcellin Champagnat, a historically Catholic (now non-religious) high school • Saint-John's School, the city's only English-language school, which serves students from Kindergarten through high school. Per Quebec law, only children whose parents attended English-language school are allowed to attend English school themselves; French is mandatory for everyone else. • Royal Military College Saint-Jean () serves as a one-year preparatory program for the Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario. Original founded in 1952, it ceased being a degree granting military college in 1995 due to cuts to military funding. RMCSJ continued to provide non-degree college programs for French-speaking cadets of the Canadian Forces. The Canadian federal government reopened the military college at Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu in the fall of 2007 to provide the full first year of university, equivalent to the Kingston program, for students with English- or French-language backgrounds alongside the college program. • CEGEP Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, part of Quebec's CEGEP network, offering post-secondary, pre-university programs ==Notable people==

• Art Alexandre, professional hockey player, left wing for the Montreal Canadiens (NHL) • Edward Antill, American lieutenant colonel who participated in the 1775 Battle of Quebec. Marries a Quebecker, and died there. • Les Appendices, comedy group • Diane Boudreau, writer • Alexandre Boulerice, communication, adviser, community activist, journalist • Gerry Boulet, rock singer with the Offenbach band • Isabelle Brasseur, 1993 World Figure Skating Champion (Pairs), 1992/1994 Olympic bronze medalist • Éric Bruneau, actor • David Cadieux, Canadian champion heavyweight boxer • Capitaine Révolte, music group formed in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu in 1998 • David Choinière, soccer player • Mathieu Choinière, soccer player • Stéphane Crête, actor • Jeff Deslauriers, professional hockey goaltender, former Anaheim Ducks (NHL) • Denis Gauthier, former professional hockey defenceman who played for the Calgary Flames, Phoenix Coyotes, Philadelphia Flyers and Los Angeles Kings (NHL) • Bernard "Boom Boom" Geoffrion, right wing hockey player, former Montreal Canadiens (NHL), considered one of the innovators of the slapshot • Claude Giroux, wrestler • Hélène Harbec, Canadian journalist and poet • Israël Landry, teacher, musician, music merchant, editor-in-chief, consul • Rina Lasnier, GOQ, Canadian poet • Pierre Légaré, stand-up comic • Jean Lemieux, physician, novel and short-story writer • Antoine L'Estage, Canada's most successful rally driver, 10-time Canadian Rally Championship winner, North American Rally Cup winner and Rally X-Games participant • Didier Lucien, Quebec actor of Haitian origin • Félix-Gabriel Marchand, journalist, author, notary and 11th Premier of Quebec (1897–1900) • Joséphine Marchand-Dandurand, journalist, writer, and feminist activist • Claudine Mercier, comedian, singer, actress and impressionist • Jean-François Mercier, comedian, screenwriter and television host • Kevin Owens, professional wrestler with WWE • Jean-Marc Parent, comedian • Danny Plourde, poet, novelist and professor • Jean-Francois Quintin, hockey player, left wing for the San Jose Sharks (NHL) • Claude Raymond was a major league pitcher and later a sports commentator. • Aurélie Rivard, paralympic swimmer and multiple medalist • Alain Rochat, Swiss footballer • Joey Scarpellino, actor • Ska/punk/reggae band Subb • Valérie Tétreault, tennis player • Pierre Tougas, watercolor painter • Marie Turgeon, actress • The Villeneuve family, racing drivers: • Gilles Villeneuve, Canadian racing driver, brother of Jacques-Joseph Villeneuve (born in Berthierville) and father of Jacques Villeneuve • Jacques Villeneuve, 1995 CART Champion, 1995 Indianapolis 500 Champion, and 1997 Formula One World Champion, NASCAR driver • Mike Ward, comedian ==See also==