Samuel Messick

Messick was born on April 3, 1931, in Philadelphia. He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, where he earned a bachelor's degree, and he earned a PhD from Princeton University. ==Career==

Messick worked as a psychologist for the Educational Testing Service (ETS). He examined construct validity. Messick influenced language testing in 2 main ways: in proposing a new understanding of how inferences made based on tests must be challenged, and in drawing attention to the consequences of test use. ==Death and legacy==

Messick resided in Pennington, New Jersey. ==Works==

• (ed. with Harold Gulliksen) Psychological scaling: theory and applications; report of a conference. New York: Wiley, 1960. • (ed. with John Ross) Measurement in personality and cognition. New York: Wiley, 1962. • (ed. with Silvan Tomkins) Computer simulation of personality: frontier of psychological theory, New York: Wiley, 1963. • (ed. with Arthur H. Brayfield) Decision and choice; contributions of Sidney Siegel. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964. • (ed. with Douglas N. Jackson) Problems in human assessment. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967. • (ed.) Individuality in learning. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1976. • (ed.) Validity. In R. L. Linn (Ed.) Educational Measurement (3rd ed., pp. 13–103). New York: Macmillan, 1989. ==Further reading==