Cockerell received his training in the office of
Sir Robert Taylor, to whom he allowed that he was indebted for his early advancements, which were largely in the sphere of official architecture. In 1774 he received his first such appointment, as Surveyor to the fashionable
West End London parish of
St George's Hanover Square. In 1775 he joined the Royal
Office of Works as Clerk of Works at the
Tower of London, largely a sinecure; in 1780 the clerkship at Newmarket was added. In spite of his reputation for diligence and competence, he lost these posts in the reorganisation of the Office of Works in 1782. At the death of Taylor in 1788, Cockerell succeeded Sir Robert as Surveyor to the Foundling Hospital and Pulteney estates. In 1790 he presented the board of governors of the
Foundling Hospital a project for the development of their considerable estate in
Bloomsbury, London, which proceeded according to his plans, until he resigned and was succeeded in the post by his pupil
Joseph Kay. He continued Taylor's work designing
Admiralty House, Whitehall, as residence for the
First Lord of the Admiralty, 1786–88. Cockerell designed the architecture of much of the
Bayswater area of London, including
Sussex Gardens, but in other
urban planning schemes he was less successful. As surveyor to the
Bishop of London he drew up plans for the building up of the diocesan estate in
Paddington, but the scheme had only been begun, with
Connaught Square, at the time of Cockerell's death, and a different plan was completed under his successor as Surveyor,
George Gutch. Another abortive development about the same time was for a "Carmarthen Square" on the Mortimer estate in Bloomsbury; eventually the land was purchased for the
University of London. He designed a new tower for
St Anne's Church, Soho in 1803. From 1806 he was employed as Surveyor to the
East India Company. Among country houses, besides Sezincote he designed
Daylesford, Gloucestershire, a few miles distant from Sezincote, for another returned
nabob,
Warren Hastings. Cockerell was approached by Hastings in July 1788, before Cockerell's appointment as Surveyor to the Admiralty. He had built an entrance and bridge at Whiteknights, near Reading, in Berkshire, for
William Byam Martin, an acquaintance of Hastings'. Cockerell received payments through 1793, amounting to £13,300, for the house, for which Hastings spent some £60,000. In the severely undecorated elevations finished in warm golden Stanway limestone, windows are simply pierced in the ashlar masonry without even moulded surrounds. The central three-bay feature of the three-storey garden front, between projecting two-storey end ranges, is a hemicircular projection crowns by a low dome, with an order of attached columns of a rich
Composite order. The dome reverses curves to rise in the centre to a ball finial, a discreetly Indian feature. Cockerell's entrance front has been considerably altered. Cockerell also designed
Middleton Hall, Carmarthenshire, now the home of the
National Botanic Garden of Wales. Cockerell's pupils included the architect
Benjamin Henry Latrobe (1764–1820), who emigrated to the United States in 1795 and worked on the
White House and the
United States Capitol and
Benjamin Gummow. His son,
Charles Robert Cockerell, who trained in his office, also went on to become a famous architect. Samuel Pepys Cockerell is named on a plaque outside the OBE Chapel at St Paul's Cathedral as '
Surveyor to the Fabric of St Paul's Cathedral' between 1811 and 1819. In 1797, Cockerell handled the sale of the
Fotheringhay, Northamptonshire, estate of Rev. Abraham Blackborne of
Dagenham, Essex, and
St. Martin-in-the-Fields,
Westminster. ==Family==