The town was first mentioned in 1130. Its secondary toponym,
Casalsoprano (or Casal Soprano, i. e.
Upper Farmhouse), is closely related to that of the nearby and lower village of
Casalsottano (i.e.
Lower Farmhouse). In 1453, after the fall of Constantinople, the wealthy family of the Mazza fled the city and contributed to the construction and continued development of San Mauro Cilento. ==Geography==