Rowland-Jones remained at Oxford throughout her medical career. She worked as a clinician scientist, senior fellow and, eventually, professor. Her research considered the impact of HIV in African communities. She was particularly interested in the immune responses of populations who were uninfected by highly exposed, for example infants with HIV positive mothers and sex workers. She was elected Fellow of the
Academy of Medical Sciences in 2000. Rowland-Jones was made Director of the Oxford Centre for Tropical Medicine in 2001. The centre coordinates research in tropical medicine in
low-income countries. She moved to
The Gambia in 2004, where she oversaw research in the MRC Laboratories of The Gambia. She started working on HIV-2 as a model of attenuated HIV infection, and the role this may play in infant immune response. She holds a joint position in the Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease at the
University of Sheffield. == Selected publications ==