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Sauerbrey equation

The Sauerbrey equation was developed by the German Günter Sauerbrey in 1959, while working on his doctoral thesis at Technische Universität Berlin, Germany. It is a method for correlating changes in the oscillation frequency of a piezoelectric crystal with the mass deposited on it. He simultaneously developed a method for measuring the characteristic frequency and its changes by using the crystal as the frequency determining component of an oscillator circuit. His method continues to be used as the primary tool in quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) experiments for conversion of frequency to mass and is valid in nearly all applications.

Limitations
The Sauerbrey equation was developed for oscillation in air and only applies to rigid masses attached to the crystal. It has been shown that quartz crystal microbalance measurements can be performed in liquid, in which case a viscosity related decrease in the resonant frequency will be observed: :\Delta f = { -\ f_0^{3/2} ( \eta_l \rho_l / \pi \rho_q \mu_q n )^{1/2} } where \rho_l is the density of the liquid, \eta_l is the viscosity of the liquid, and n is the mode number. ==References==
Source: Wikipedia ↗
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