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Shanmen

The Gate of Shanmen or Hall of the Shanmen or simply Shanmen, is the entrance gate of a Buddhist temple. In ancient times, nearly all Buddhist temples had a single Shanmen gate leading into a large hall for the temple. Today, it is observed that most of the surviving Chinese Buddhist temples follow the hall style but have three main gates incorporated into their construction. After successive wars and cultural discontinuity, most Chan Buddhist temples have changed the middle gate into a hall entrance, called "Hall of Shanmen". The Shanmen is the most important gate of a Chan Buddhist temple.

Etymology
One theory is that "Shanmen" takes its literal meaning of "Mountain Gate", because temples were traditionally built in forested mountain areas where Chan monks could seclude away from secular life. This latter view correlates with the traditional structure of Chan temples which included three gateways, said to symbolise the three gateways. ==Architectural styles==
Architectural styles
Historic Shanmens in China are either a gateway of the paifang style, or a more substantial building, typically with three archways. The generic name for those statues with an open mouth is General Ha (; Japanese: ), and for those with a closed mouth, General Heng (; Japanese: ). ==Gallery==
Gallery
File:Hongfa Temple, Shenzhen 013.jpg| General Heng (哼將軍) inside the Shanmen Hall of the Hongfa Temple, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China File:Entrance to Jietai Temple (20150117133227).JPG| The Hall of Mount Gate at the Jietai Temple, Beijing. The arched windows represent the traditional side gateways. File:Changsha Yuelu Shan Lushan Si 2014.03.04 11-09-11.jpg| The shanmen at the Lushan Temple, in the Yuelu District, of Changsha City, Hunan province. File:Hongfa Temple, Shenzhen 014.jpg|General Ha guarding the Shanmen Hall inside the Hongfa Temple, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China ==See also==
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